车辆开闭件耐久性能预测与优化分析

PREDICTION AND OPTIMIZATION ANALYSIS OF DURABILITY PERFORMANCE OF AUTOMOTIVE CLOSURES

针对某汽车车门开闭过程中产生的疲劳失效问题,利用Hypermesh构建车门开闭有限元模型,再联合显式动力学求解器Ls⁃Dyna建立车门开闭非线性瞬态动力学模型,进而将非线性瞬态分析求解出来的包含应力⁃时间历程的d3plot文件导入nCode DesignLife中搭建疲劳分析模块,结合10万次车门开闭耐久试验对结果进行验证。结果表明,两者在损伤位置上以及损伤程度上一致性较好。最后采用多目标粒子群优化(Multi⁃Particle Swarm Optimization,MPSO)算法,以车门轻量化和最小损伤为目标对车门进行多目标优化设计,并依据工程实际选取最优解,使车门总成质量减小0.17 kg,车门损伤值减小约24.33%。优化结果表明,MPSO算法可以有效应用于车门的多目标优化设计,为后续车门的设计开发提供了一定思路。

Aiming at the fatigue failure problem of a car door opening and closing process.The Hypermesh was used to construct a finite element model of door opening and closing,and then Ls⁃Dyna,an explicit dynamics solver,was used to establish a nonlinear transient dynamics model of door opening and closing.The d3plot file containing the stress⁃time history solved by the nonlinear transient analysis was imported into nCode DesignLife to build the fatigue analysis module,and the results were verified with 100000 times of door opening and closing durability tests,and the conclusions show that both of them have good consistency in terms of the damage location and the damage degree.Finally,multi⁃particle swarm optimization(MPSO)was used to optimize the door with the objectives of door lightweight and minimum damage,and the optimal solution was selected according to the engineering reality,which reduced the mass of the door assembly by 0.17 kg,and the damage value of the door was reduced by about 24.33%.The optimization results show that the MPSO algorithm can be effectively applied to the multi⁃objective optimization design of the door,which provides certain ideas for the design and development of the subsequent door.