一起非O1和非O139群霍乱弧菌感染性腹泻暴发调查

Investigation of an outbreak of diarrhea infected withnon-O1 and non-O139 group vibrio cholerae

目的对一起非O1和非O139群霍乱弧菌感染性腹泻暴发事件开展流行病学调查,探讨发生原因,为预防类似事件提供参考依据。方法对2020年9月清远市清城区省职教城的某学院发生一起非O1和非O139群霍乱弧菌感染性腹泻暴发疫情进行调查。采用流行病学方法调查病例的临床表现、描述疾病的三间分布,探索危险因素,并采集相关样本进行实验室检验,采用SPSS 23.0软件进行统计分析,组间率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果本次事件共报告病例130例,总罹患率为2.76%(130/4710)。其中教师8例,罹患率5.03%(8/159);学生121例,罹患率2.81%(121/4306);食堂安全员1例,罹患率0.94%(1/106)。3类人群罹患率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.17,P=0.101)。临床表现为腹泻(97.69%)、腹痛(62.30%)、发热(11.54%)、呕吐(7.69%)和恶心(6.92%)。病例肛拭子、厨房环境、饮用水等样品均检出霍乱弧菌,经鉴定为非O1和非O139群血清型。结论经调查认为这是一起因饮用水受到污染引起的非O1和非O139群霍乱弧菌感染性腹泻暴发疫情,应采取有针对性的措施,预防类似事件的发生。

Objective Epidemiological investigation was conducted on an outbreak of diarrhea infected by non-O1 and non-O139 group Vibrio cholerae,to explore the causes and to provide reference for preventing similar incidents.Methods An investigation was conducted on an outbreak of diarrhea infected by non-01 and non-O139 group Vibrio cholerae in a college of Provincial Vocational Education City in Qingcheng district of Qingyuan City in September 2020.Epidemiological methods were used to investigate the clinical manifestations and distribution of cases,explore risk factors,and collect relevant samples for laboratory testing.SPSS 23.0 was used for statistical analysis.The comparison of inter group rates was conducted by using Chi-square test,and the test level wasα=0.05.Results A total of 130 cases were reported in this incident,with a total incidence rate of 2.76%(130/4710).Among them,there were 8 teachers,with an incidence rate of 5.03%(8/159);121 students,with an incidence rate of 2.81%(121/4306);One manager of cafeteria,with an incidence rate of 0.94%(1/106).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate among the three groups of people(χ^(2)=4.17,P=0.101).The clinical manifestations include diarrhea(97.69%),abdominal pain(62.30%),fever(11.54%),vomiting(7.69%),and nausea(6.92%).The anal swab,environment of kitchen,drinking water and other samples of the case all detected Vibrio cholerae,which was identified as non-O1 and non-O139 serotypes.Conclusions After investigation,it is believed that this is an outbreak of non-O1 and non-O139 Vibrio cholerae infectious diarrhea caused by contaminated drinking water.Targeted measures should be taken to prevent similar incidents from occurring.