《文心雕龙·祝盟》篇中“靡神不至”之辨析

An Analysis of Phrase“Worship for All Gods”in Essay Wen Xin Diao Long:Zhu Meng

春秋时期是祝文这一文体发展的转折时期。刘勰在《文心雕龙·祝盟》篇中用“靡神不至”概括春秋祝文的情况,并提出“降神务实,修辞立诚,在于无愧”“必诚以敬”“宜恭且哀”等写作要求。对于不符合要求的“靡神不至”祝文,刘勰予以了批评,体现出他保守的祝文文体观。然而,祝文的“靡神不至”现象,恰恰体现了祝文从神圣化发展到世俗化是一种必然的趋势,且有积极的意义,应当予以肯定。

The Spring and Autumn Period was a turning point in the development of the Congratulatory Messages.In the essay Wen Xin Diao Long:Zhu Meng,Liu Xie summarized the situation of the Spring and Autumn Annals with the phrase“Worship for All Gods”,and proposed writing requirements such as“subduing the spirit and being pragmatic,cultivating language and sincerity,with a clear conscience”,“must be sincere with respect”,and“should be respectful and mournful”.Liu Xie criticized the unsatisfactory“Worship for All Gods”in the Congratulatory Messages,reflecting his conservative literary style.However,the phenomenon of“Worship for All Gods”in the Congratulatory Messages precisely reflects that the development of Congratulatory Messages from sacredness to secularization is an inevitable trend and has positive significance,which should be affirmed.