离子型稀土矿废弃地剑豆耐性种质筛选

Screening of Tolerance Germplasm for Canavalia ensiformis in the Abandoned Area of Ionic Rare Earth Mine

为筛选离子型稀土矿废弃地耐性强的剑豆种质材料,20个剑豆(Canavalia ensiformis)种质资源进行盆栽试验,并观测生长性状指标,采用方差分析、隶属函数分析和聚类分析等方法对剑豆种质的生长性状进行综合评价。结果表明,在苗期和始花期,不同剑豆种质的株高、地径、主茎粗、主茎节数和地上生物量均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。20个种质隶属函数综合评价值为:PI 279593>PI 362193>NT 576>BN-13474-63>PI 470242>PI 358592>B2>PI 181048>PI 364355>CHN3>PI 470931>PI337078>CHN4>PI 164695>PI 276655>CPI 50103>B1>PI 338584>PI 404610>PI 308540。聚类分析结果表明,20个种质可分为5大类,其中第Ⅳ类的生长性状最好,第Ⅴ类次之,这与隶属函数结果一致。经复筛,在离子型稀土采矿土壤上生长性状好的前5个种质的综合评价值为:PI 362193>NT 576>PI 279593>BN-13474-63>PI 470242。PI 362193是耐性最强的种质,可作为离子型稀土采矿迹地生态修复最优选的剑豆种质,NT 576、PI 27959可作为备选种质。

In order to select the gerplasm resources with strong tolerance in the abandoned land of ionic rare earth mine,twenty Canavalia ensiformis germplasms derived from more than 10 countries or regions were potted,the growth traits were observed and evaluated by variance analysis,membership function analysis and cluster analysis,variance analysis,membership function analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that there were significant differences in plant height,ground diameter,stem thick,main stalk pitch number and aboveground biomass among different germplasms at seedling stage and initial flowering stage(P<0.05).The membership function analysis showed that comprehensive evaluation value of 20 germplasms were in the order of PI 279593>PI 362193>NT 576>BN-13474-63>PI 470242>PI 358592>B2>PI 181048>PI 364355>CHN3>PI 470931>PI 337078>CHN4>PI 164695>PI 276655>CPI 50103>B1>PI 338584>PI 404610>PI 308540.The cluster analysis showed that 20 germplasms could be divided into 5 categories,among which the fourth category had the best growth characteristics,followed by the fifth category,which was consistent with the result of membership function.The secondary screening experiment showed that the comprehensive evaluation value of the top five germplasms with good growth characteristics on ionic rare earth mine soil were in the order of PI 362193>NT 576>PI 279593>BN-13474-63>PI 470242.Therefore,PI 362193 had the strongest tolerance,which could be used as the best choice for ecological restoration of ionic rare earth mine,while NT 576 and PI 27959 can be used as candidate germplasms.