2021年曲阜市成年居民血压水平现状及其与体质量指数和腰围的关系分析

Blood pressure levels and the relationship with body mass index and waist circumference in Qufu City of Shandong Province 2021

目的描述山东省曲阜市成年居民血压水平现状,探讨体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、腰围与血压水平的关系。方法2021年对曲阜市18周岁及以上常住居民开展身高、体重、腰围、血压、血糖、血脂及慢性病相关因素调查。使用SPSS 25.0软件对样本进行复杂加权后,采用t检验或方差分析进行分组描述不同特征人群血压水平的比较,并利用多重线性回归分析不同特征人群的血压测量指标收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)、舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)与BMI及腰围的关系,检验水准α=0.05。结果本次调查的2400名成年居民的SBP、DBP平均分别为(131.91±16.96)mmHg、(82.35±10.45)mmHg,其中,男性均高于女性、中心性肥胖均高于非中心肥胖、糖尿病均高于非糖尿病、血脂异常均高于血脂正常(P均<0.001);平均SBP和DBP均随年龄和BMI增加而增高,随文化程度增高而降低(P均<0.001)。多重线性回归校正混杂因素后,血压正常人群中,相对于体重正常,低体重成年居民的SBP、DBP分别减少5.577 mmHg、1.766 mmHg,超重人群的SBP、DBP分别增加了1.835 mmHg、0.914 mmHg,肥胖人群的DBP增加了1.319 mmHg(P均<0.005)。腰围每增加1 cm,血压正常人群的SBP、DBP分别增加了0.187 mmHg、0.114 mmHg,高血压人群的SBP、DBP分别增加了0.248 mmHg、0.122 mmHg(P均<0.001)。腰围的标准化β值均高于BMI。结论血压正常且BMI或腰围高于正常值的成年居民是曲阜市重点防控人群。腰围预测血压水平的能力优于BMI预测。因此,提高居民腰围知晓率和保持腰围处于正常水平,对高血压的防控有着积极意义。

Objective To describe and compare blood pressure levels in adults aged 18 years old and above in Qufu City of Shandong Province,and to explore the relationship between BMI and waist circumference with blood pressure levels.Methods Based on the monitoring data of chronic diseases and risk factors in Qufu City,Shandong Province in 2021,2400 permanent residents aged≥18 years old were selected as the research subjects.After using SPSS 25.0 software to perform complex weighting on the samples,T-test or analysis of variance were used to describe the comparison of blood pressure levels among groups with different characteristic.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between blood pressure measurement indicators SBP,DBP,BMI,and waist circumference among different characteristic populations,the testing levelα=0.05.Results The average SBP and DBP of 2400 adult residents in this survey were(131.91±16.96)mmHg and(82.35±10.45)mmHg.Among them,males were higher than that of females,central obesity were higher than non central obesity,diabetes were higher than non diabetes,dyslipidemia were higher than normal blood lipids(P<0.001);The average SBP and DBP both increased with age and BMI,and decreased with the increase of education level(P<0.001).Results of multiple linear regression model analysis showed that compared to those with normal weight,the SBP and DBP of low weight adult residents decreased by 5.577 mmHg and 1.766 mmHg,respectively.The SBP and DBP of overweight population increased by 1.835 mmHg and 0.914 mmHg.The DBP of obesity population increased by 1.319mmHg(P values<0.005).For increase in waist circumference unit,the SBP and DBP of the normal blood pressure population increased by 0.187 mmHg and 0.114 mmHg,respectively.While the SBP and DBP of the hypertensive population increased by 0.248 mmHg and 0.122 mmHg(P<0.001).These associations standardizedβvalues of waist circumference were more higher than BMI.Conclusions Adult residents with normal blood pressure and higher BMI or waist circumference are the key population for prevention and control.The ability of waist circumference to predict blood pressure levels is superior to BMI prediction.Therefore,improving the awareness rate of waist circumference among residents and maintaining a normal waist circumference have positive significance for the prevention and control of hypertension.