军用新能源微电网系统的运维及故障处置分析

Review of the operation and fault handling analysis of new energy microgrid systems in military applications

新能源微电网是未来军事设施和基地实现能源自给、独立供电,装备和作战任务实现可持续、不间断供电的有效方式,代表了未来军事能源的发展趋势,通过建立新能源微电网将集中发电模式转向本地灵活可靠的可持续电力或储能形式以此用来缓解战场或属地社会生活、生产用电紧张,提高战场和属地的能源综合利用效率和调度能力,降低后勤补给压力。鉴于该发电方式的时域与空域不受限,其在军事能源领域得到了广泛应用,应用方式也随着经验的积累和技术的迭代在不断创新,对战略决策、作战部署和装备效能的发挥也产生了显著的增益影响。当然,有别于民用新能源微电网的使用环境和工况,军用新能源微电网往往面临极端的环境、复杂的工况和高强度的毁伤冲击等新的挑战,因此其运营与维护方面不仅需要组建专业的力量、建立快速反应、高效处置的运维预案及应对策略,而且在建设过程中也应提高相关组件及附属设施的品质,充分考虑军事新能源微电网可能遭遇的各类特殊情况,包括电网石墨/碳纤维炸弹、爆炸波的冲击毁伤、电磁脉冲干扰、电网病毒、无人机侵扰以及其他人为破坏电网平衡的干预方式,不断提高微电网的战场环境和复杂工况的适应能力,致力于实现战场电能源的安全、高效和可持续保障。基于以上考虑,本文系统综述了太阳能、风能等军用新能源微电网系统的运营、维护及故障处置分析的最新研究成果,并对面向战场的军事新能源微电网的未来发展提出了参考建议。

The new energy microgrid provides an effective means to achieve self-sufficient and independent power supplies for military facilities.It also enables the sustainable and uninterrupted power supply for equipment and combat missions,which is a future development trend for military energy systems.The centralized power generation mode can be transformed into a local,flexible,and reliable sustainable power or energy storage system as the new energy microgrid can help alleviate power shortages in daily life and improve production in battlefield or territorial areas,thereby improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of these areas and reducing logistical pressure regarding power supply.The power generation mode of the new energy microgrid has been widely adopted in the field of military energy as it is unrestricted by time and space.The application of this system is rapidly improving through the accumulation of experience and technological advancements,which significantly influence strategic decision-making processes,combat deployment,and equipment effectiveness.However,unlike new energy microgrids for civil applications that operate in normal environments and working conditions,the operation and maintenance of new energy microgrids for military applications encounter a several challenges as they must often be used in extreme environments,complex working conditions,and under high-intensity damage.Therefore,training must be conducted to ensure the efficient operation and maintenance of these systems,and coping strategies for rapid responses and efficient disposal must be determined.Furthermore,the quality of relevant components and ancillary facilities during the construction process must be improved considering the conditions in which new energy microgrids might encounter during military applications,including grid graphite/carbon-fiber bombs,impact damage from explosive waves,electromagnetic pulse interference,grid viruses,drone intrusions,and other artificial interventions that may disrupt the balance of the grid.By improving the adaptability of microgrids to battlefield environments and other complex working conditions,the security,efficiency,and sustainability of these systems may be ensured while supplying energy to the battlefield.This paper provides a systematic review of the latest research on the operation,maintenance,and fault disposal analysis of solar energy,wind energy,and other new energy microgrid systems for military applications.Additionally,directions for the future development and construction of new energy microgrids oriented towards battlefield applications are proposed.