一起东北黑熊死亡病例的病毒宏基因组学分析

Pan⁃viromic Analysis of A Death Case of North East Black Bears

黑熊是我国重要的野生动物资源,保护黑熊是我国野生动物保护的重要内容之一。本研究使用常规细菌检测和病毒组学分析,对一起黑熊死亡案例进行病原分析。细菌学检测发现了肠出血性大肠杆菌和A型魏氏梭菌阳性,但结合临床症状,排除了细菌感染的可能。随后使用RNA和DNA病毒组技术相结合,对其进行全病毒组分析,结果发现了Parvovirus、Anellovirus、Circovirus等7个病毒信息,其中肾脏携带的病毒最为丰富,有7个科。在这些病毒中,Parvovirus、Anellovirus和Circovirus与已知病毒核苷酸同源性小于90%,而其余病毒与当前已知病毒同源性高达99%。绝大多数病毒致病性不明确,值得注意的是本研究发现的细小病毒在黑熊中呈现系统感染,且与美国的一株熊细小病毒NS1氨基酸同源性为86.8%,但其与此次黑熊死亡的关联需进一步研究。本研究首次用病毒组技术对黑熊样本病毒组进行分析,结果虽不能判定此次黑熊死亡的原因,但相关数据为了解黑熊病毒多样性提供了重要的基础数据。

Black bears are important wildlife resource in China,and their protection is one of the important aspects of wildlife conservation in China.This study used routine bacterial testing and pan⁃viromics analysis for a black bear death case to investigate possible pathogens.Bacteriological tests found positive results for Escherichia coli and Clostridium welchii type A,but the clinical symptoms did not match bacterial infection.Through pan⁃viromic analysis,we found parvovirus,anellovirus,and circovirus,with the kidney carrying the most abundant viruses.The vast majority of these viruses have little association with animal diseases.It is worth noting that the parvovirus is highly homologous to a bear parvovirus from the United States,indicating its long⁃term and widespread circulation in bear populations.The parvovirus presented a systemic infection in this black bear,therefore its association with this black bear death requires further research.This study is the first to use virome technique to study the virus background carried by black bears.The relevant data provides an important reference for understanding the diversity of black bear viruses.