健康体检人群非酒精性脂肪肝患病现状及共病相关性分析

Analysis of the prevalence and comorbidity correlations of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a health screening population

目的探讨克拉玛依市健康体检人群非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)的患病现状及肝、胆、肾脏共病患病情况,并分析相关共病与NAFLD的相关影响。方法选择2019年1月—2019年12月在克拉玛依市中心医院健康管理中心体检的45591例作为研究对象,描述性分析不同性别、民族、年龄、肝脏疾病及其它相关共病分布特征,采用二分类Logistic回归分析相关影响因素。结果克拉玛依市NAFLD患病率为22.19%,男性患病率高于女性(P<0.05),随着年龄的增长呈现递增的趋势;50.88%NAFLD患者同时患胆囊相关疾病,30.53%NAFLD患者同时患有肾脏相关疾病;脾脏其他异常、肾错构瘤、肾结石、肾积水、肝肾囊肿以及肾脏其他异常与脂肪肝均存在正相关关系,肝血管瘤和其他肝脏疾病与脂肪肝呈负相关。Logistic回归分析结果显示胆结石、胆囊息肉、胆囊切除术、胆囊炎、胆固醇沉着、肝囊肿、脾大、脾脏其他异常、肾结石、肾囊肿、肾脏其他异常可能是脂肪肝的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论克拉玛依市居民NAFLD患病现状不容乐观,相关卫生部门应予以重视并针对其共病开展健康教育和重点防控,从而降低NAFLD患病率,提高生活质量和幸福指数。

Objective This study aims to investigate the prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease(NAFLD)among the health screening population in Karamay City and the comorbidity rates of liver,gallbladder,and kidney diseases,as well as to analyze the comorbidities’impact on NAFLD.Methods A total of 45591 individuals who underwent health examinations at Health Management Center of Karamay Central Hospital in 2019 were selected as the study subjects.Descriptive analysis was conducted to examine the distribution characteristics of different genders,ethnicities,ages,liver diseases,and other related comorbidities.A binary Logistic regression analysis was utilized to analyze the influencing factors.Results The prevalence of NAFLD in Karamay City was 22.19%,with a higher incidence in males than females(P<0.05),and an increasing trend with age,50.88%of NAFLD patients also suffered from gallbladder-related diseases,and 30.53%had kidney-related diseases.There was a positive correlation between NAFLD and other spleen abnormalities,renal dysplasia,kidney stones,hydronephrosis,hepatic and renal cysts,and other kidney abnormalities.In contrast,hepatic hemangiomas and other liver diseases were negatively correlated with NAFLD.Logistic regression analysis indicated that gallstones,gallbladder polyps,cholecystectomy,cholecystitis,cholesterolosis,liver cysts,splenomegaly,other spleen abnormalities,kidney stones,kidney cysts,and other kidney abnormalities might be risk factors for NAFLD(P<0.05).Conclusion The current situation of NAFLD among residents in Karamay City is concerning.Relevant health departments should pay attention and conduct targeted health education and prevention for comorbidities to reduce the prevalence of NAFLD,thereby improving the quality of life and happiness index of the population.