不同术式治疗早期乳腺癌的效果及并发症发生率、复发率比较

Comparison of the effect, complication rate and recurrence rate of different operation methods in treating early breast cancer

目的:比较经腋窝单孔充气法乳腺腔镜手术与经乳晕切口手术治疗早期乳腺癌的效果及并发症发生率、复发率。方法:回顾性分析2021年2月至2023年10月126例早期乳腺癌患者的临床资料,根据术式不同分为A组(行经腋窝单孔充气法乳腺腔镜手术,n=65例)和B组(行经乳晕切口手术,n=61例)。采用SPSS 24.0分析数据。围手术期指标、乳腺癌治疗的美学及局部效果标准化结局指标(SOMA-LNET)、视觉模拟评分(VAS)和生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)等计量资料用(x±s)表示,行独立样本t检验;并发症和复发率等计数资料行χ^(2)检验。P<0.05表示差异有统计学意义。结果:A组患者手术时间长于B组(P<0.05),而术中出血量、切口长度、住院天数均少于B组(P<0.05);A组患者术后SOMA-LNET各项评分均高于B组(P<0.05);术后1d、1周,两组患者VAS评分均较术前降低,且A组均低于B组(P<0.05);术后1个月、6个月,两组患者GQOLI-74各项评分均较术前升高,且A组高于B组(P<0.05);术后随访6个月,A组复发率4.6%,B组复发率9.8%,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组患者并发症总发生率为4.6%,低于B组的18.0%(P<0.05)。结论:相较于经乳晕切口手术,经腋窝单孔充气法乳腺腔镜手术治疗早期乳腺癌,疗效显著,术后乳房美观度更好,安全性高。

Objective:To compare the effect,complication rate and recurrence rate of breast cancer treated by axillary single hole aeration endoscopic surgery and areola incision surgery.Methods:The clinical data of 126 patients with early breast cancer from February 2021 to October 2023 were retrospectively analyzed,and they were divided into group A(transaxillary single hole aeration breast endoscopic surgery,n=65 cases)and group B(transareolar incision surgery,n=61 cases)according to different operation methods.SPSS 24.0 was used to analyze the data.Measurement data such as perioperative indicators,standardized outcome indicators of aesthetic and local effects of breast cancer treatment(SOMA-LNET),visual analogue scale(VAS)and comprehensive quality of life Assessment Questionnaire(GQOLI-74)were represented by The clinical data of 126 patients with early breast cancer from February 2021 to October 2023 were retrospectively analyzed,and they were divided into group A(transaxillary single hole aeration breast endoscopic surgery,n=65 cases)and group B(transareolar incision surgery,n=61 cases)according to different operation methods.SPSS 24.0 was used to analyze the data.Measurement data such as perioperative indicators,standardized outcome indicators of aesthetic and local effects of breast cancer treatment(SOMA-LNET),visual analogue scale(VAS)and comprehensive quality of life Assessment Questionnaire(GQOLI-74)were represented by(x±s),and independent sample t test was performed.The statistical data of complications and recurrence rate were chi-square test.P<0.05 indicated that the difference was statistically significant.Results:The operative time of group A was longer than that of group B(P<0.05),while the amount of blood loss,incision length and hospitalization days of group A were lower than those of group A(P<0.05).The SOMA-LNET scores in group A were higher than those in group B(P<0.05).One day and one week after surgery,VAS scores in both groups were lower than before surgery,and group A was lower than group B(P<0.05).The scores of GQOLI-74 in both groups were higher than those before surgery 1 month and 6 months after surgery,and group A was higher than group B(P<0.05).After 6 months of follow-up,the recurrence rate was 4.6%in group A and 9.8%in group B,with no statistical significance(P>0.05).The total complication rate of group A was 4.6%,which was lower than that of group B(18.0%)(P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with transareolar incision,transaxillary single hole aeration breast endoscopic surgery is effective in the treatment of early breast cancer,with better postoperative breast beauty and high safety.