胜利油田稠油油藏开发技术进展

Development technology progress of heavy oil reservoirs in Shengli Oilfield

针对胜利油田不同类型稠油油藏的地质特点及开发矛盾,形成了一套较为完善的稠油油藏开发技术系列,并取得了显著的开发效果。从各项技术的理论基础和矿场应用2个方面,总结了不同类型稠油油藏开发技术进展。对于高轮次吞吐后的稠油油藏,基于非达西渗流理论,形成了井网加密技术;对于敏感性稠油油藏,形成了近热远防理论,降低了水敏对开发的不利影响;对于特超稠油油藏,通过HDCS技术的协同降黏、膨胀增能作用,解决了“注不进、采不出”的开发难题;对于低效水驱稠油油藏,通过转蒸汽驱,达到加密角井流线、水井流线逆向的目的,从而提高该类油藏的采收率;对于深层稠油油藏,以气热协同保热强热、热剂协同接替助驱、气剂协同均衡热前缘的协同增效作用机理认识为基础,形成了多元热复合驱油理论,实现了深层稠油的有效动用;对于薄层稠油油藏,通过热+水平井复合开发模式,提高了油藏的吸汽能力和动用范围;对于浅薄层超稠油油藏,通过HDNS技术增能降黏扩波及,实现了该类油藏的高效开发。胜利油田稠油油藏开发技术系列的应用,为胜利油田稠油效益开发、绿色开发提供了技术支撑。

In view of the geological characteristics and development contradictions of different types of heavy oil reservoirs in Shengli Oilfield,a set of development technologies for heavy oil reservoirs have been developed,and remarkable development achievements have been obtained.In this paper,the progress of development technologies for different types of heavy oil reservoirs was summarized in the theoretical basis and the field application.For heavy oil reservoirs after many rounds of huffing and puffing,the well pattern infilling technology was formed based on the non-Darcy flow theory.For sensitive heavy oil reservoirs,the adverse impact of water sensitivity on development was reduced based on the proposed theory of near heat and remote prevention.For extra-heavy oil reservoirs,HDCS technology was applied through the synergistic viscosity reduction and energy enhancement due to the expansion to solve the development problem of difficult injection and production.For inefficient water-flooding heavy oil reser-voirs,the flow lines of infilled corner wells and water wells were changed by turning to steam flooding to enhance oil recovery.For deep heavy oil reservoirs,the multi-thermal composite oil displacement theory was formed,and deep heavy oil reservoirs were ef-fectively produced based on the understanding of the synergistic interaction mechanism of gas-heat synergy for heat retention and en-hancing steam chamber,heat-agent synergy for replacing viscosity reduction and improving flooding,and gas-agent synergy for thermal front equilibrium.For thin heavy oil reservoirsthe steam absorption capacity and production ranges were improved through the thermal and horizontal well composite development model.For shallow extra-heavy oil reservoirs,HDNS technology was used to enhance the energy,reduce viscosity,and expand the spread,realizing efficient development.The application of development technologies for heavy oil reservoirs in Shengli Oilfield provides technical support for the beneficial development and green develop-ment of heavy oil in Shengli Oilfield.