胜利油田油藏描述技术回顾与发展方向

Reviews and development directions of reservoir description technologies in Shengli Oilfield

胜利油田为典型的陆相复式油气区,油藏类型多、含油层系多、断裂系统复杂,20世纪90年代初进入含水率为90%以上的特高含水开发阶段,如何针对不同类型油藏和开发阶段,精细刻画地下储层变化、精准认识剩余油,是实现高含水老油田提高采收率的基础。为此,从1996年始开展了针对老油田剩余油挖潜的精细油藏描述,通过精细储层构型表征、低序级断层精细描述、砂砾岩期次划分与连通性评价、薄互层滩坝砂储层预测、三维精细地质建模及剩余油精细描述等关键技术攻关,以及多轮次油藏描述技术迭代,形成了一套胜利特色的精细油藏描述技术,编制了精细油藏描述技术规范。截至2023年累计描述开发单元600余个,覆盖石油地质储量为43.6×108 t,建模数模技术在老区调整和新区方案编制中得到广泛应用,有效支撑了油田的规模建产与效益稳产。系统分析胜利油田油藏描述技术发展历程,总结不同类型油藏形成的特色技术,分析特高含水后期老油田精细油藏描述面临的5项挑战,阐述下一步油藏描述技术的5个发展方向,对推动陆相油田精细油藏描述技术具有指导和借鉴意义。

Shengli Oilfield is a typical continental compound oil and gas area with various reservoir types,many oil-bearing strata,and complex fault systems.It entered the extra-high water cut development stage with a water cut of more than 90%in the early 90s of the 20th century.The basis for enhanced oil recovery in mature oilfields with high water cuts is how to accurately characterize the changes of underground reservoirs and accurately recognize the remaining oil according to different types of reservoirs and develop-ment stages.To this end,the oilfield has carried out the fine reservoir description for the remaining oil potential in mature oilfields since 1996.A set of fine reservoir description technologies aligning with Shengli Oilfield characteristics has been formed through breakthroughs in critical technologies such as the fine characterization of reservoir architectures,fine description of low-sequence faults,phase division and connectivity evaluation of glutenites,prediction of thin beach dam sand reservoirs,three-dimensional geological modeling,and the fine description of the remaining oil,as well as multiple rounds of iterations of reservoir description technologies,and the technical specifications of fine reservoir description have been compiled.As of 2023,more than 600 develop-ment units have been described,covering 43.6×108 t of original oil in place.The modeling technology has been widely used in the adjustment of mature areas and the scheme preparation of new areas,which effectively supports the large-scale production of oil-fields and stable production with benefits.This paper systematically analyzed the development process of reservoir description tech-nologies in Shengli Oilfield,summarized the characteristic technologies of different types of reservoirs,analyzed five challenges faced by fine reservoir description in mature oilfields in the late stage of extra-high water cut,and expounded on five development directions of reservoir description technologies in the next step,which had guiding and reference significance for promoting fine res-ervoir description technologies in continental oilfields.