修文县‘贵长’猕猴桃品质提升生产措施研究

Research on Production Measures for Improving the Quality of"Guichang"Kiwifruit in Xiuwen County

本研究以‘贵长’猕猴桃为试验材料,研究猕猴桃种植过程中不同阶段的主要措施(如选址坡度、施肥量、采摘时期、贮藏方式)对猕猴桃品质的影响,提出提高猕猴桃品质的生产技术措施。结果表明,猕猴桃最佳种植坡度为平坡(5°),最好不要超过20°,斜坡会降低土壤肥力,导致植株体内养分积累降低,进而降低猕猴桃单果重和内在品质。中肥(1 kg/株)通过增加土壤肥力,增加植株体内养分,进而提高猕猴桃单果重和内在品质。高肥(2 kg/株)对品质提升没有明显作用,反而增加成本。修文县‘贵长’猕猴桃最佳采摘时期为花后150 d,过早过晚都会降低品质,且过晚采摘不耐贮藏。气调贮藏是最优的贮藏方式,但是成本较高,短期(30 d)内适宜用常规冷藏,长期更适合使用气调贮藏。

This study used'Guichang'kiwifruit as the experimental material to investigate the effects of main measures at different stages of kiwifruit cultivation,such as site selection slope,fertilization amount,picking period,and storage methods,on kiwifruit quality.Production technology measures to improve kiwifruit quality were proposed.The results showed that the optimal planting slope for kiwifruit was 0°,preferably not exceeding 20°,as the slope would reduce soil fertility,reduce the accumulation of nutrients in the plant,thereby reducing the single fruit weight and intrinsic quality of kiwifruit.Middle fertilizer(1kg per plant)increased soil fertility and nutrients in the plant,thereby improving the single fruit weight and intrinsic quality of kiwifruit.High fertilizer had no significant effect on improving quality,but instead increases costs.The optimal harvesting period for'Guichang'kiwifruit in Xiuwen County was 150 d after flowering.Early or late harvesting will reduce its quality,and it is not durable for storage.Modified atmosphere storage is the optimal storage method,but it has a higher cost and is suitable for conventional refrigeration in the short term(30 days),while it is more suitable for longterm use.