我国职业足球俱乐部名称非企业化的法律分析

Legal Analysis of Non-enterprise of Professional Football Club Name in China

中国足协要求职业足球俱乐部名称实现非企业化,客观上限制了俱乐部的名称权和营业自由等基本权利,应当接受合法性审查。虽然这一限制本质上是设置联赛准入条件,未超越法定权限,但具体限制措施却有悖《行政许可法》《企业名称登记管理规定》等上位法之嫌,可能造成行政垄断,相对人权利、增加相对人义务,且有违比例原则中的必要性原则。中国足协应推动俱乐部名称改革法治化,现阶段先实现球队名非企业化,对特殊名称特殊考虑,探索职业俱乐部社区化、会员制,建立健全其公司治理结构,并给予投资人合理补偿。

The Chinese Football Association forces the name of professional football clubs to be non-enterprise,which restricts basic rights,such as the club’s name rights and business freedom and others,and should be subject to legality review.Although this restriction essentially sets the league entry conditions and does not exceed the statutory authority,the specific restrictions are contrary to the provisions of the higherlevel laws,such as Administrative Licensing Law,Enterprise Name Registration Management Regulations and other,suspected of administrative monopoly and improper violation.Reducing the rights of the counterparty and increasing the obligations of the counterparty violates the principle of necessity in the principle of proportionality.The Chinese Football Association should promote the legalization of club name reform.At this stage,first realize the non-corporateization of team names,take special considerations for special names,explore the communityization and membership of professional clubs,establish and improve its corporate governance structure,and provide investors with reasonable compensation.