如何吸引国外制造业R&D机构落户内陆?

How to attract foreign manufacturing R&D institutions to settle inland?

R&D机构是集聚高端创新要素以实现我国制造业关键共性技术突破的有力手段。为此,基于R&D环境满意度的视角研究如何吸引国外制造业R&D机构落户我国内陆。首先,建立内陆地区R&D环境满意度测量问卷,利用探索性因子分析法提取出6个公共因子。然后,通过多元线性回归分析,得到公共因子及其测量题项的重要度排序。最后,采用样本容量扩充法进行稳健性检验。结果表明:R&D服务与配套水平、政府治理有效性和所属企业状况是R&D环境满意度的主要影响因素,而政策支持力度、科技人力资源状况和数字经济发展水平的影响依次降低;知识产权与专利保护、科技服务机构社会化程度、监管质量、人才引进政策和市场竞争压力等10个测量题项是吸引国外制造业R&D机构落户内陆的主要影响因素。

R&D institutions serve as potent means for aggregating high-end innovation resources to facilitate breakthroughs in critical common technologies within China's manufacturing sector.In recent years,with the transformation of the global political,technological,and market environment,the determinants influencing the location choices of R&D institutions have undergone notable changes.Particularly,in the face of the increasingly challenging global technology blockade confronting China's manufacturing industry,it holds significant theoretical and practical significance to enhance R&D environment satisfaction as a means to attract foreign R&D institutions to establish a presence in China's inland regions.To address this,we conducted a study from the perspective of R&D environment satisfaction to investigate the factors influencing the attraction of foreign manufacturing R&D institutions to China's inland regions.Firstly,we developed a questionnaire to measure R&D environment satisfaction in inland areas.We randomly selected 655 responses from both national central cities and regional central cities.Utilizing exploratory factor analysis,we extracted six common factors:government governance effectiveness,digital economic development level,technology human resource status,R&D service and support level,policy support intensity,and affiliated enterprise conditions.Subsequently,through multiple linear regression analysis,we determined the importance ranking of these common factors and their corresponding measurement items.Finally,we selected a total of 819 responses from both national central cities and regional central cities and conducted robustness tests using a sample size expansion method.The results indicate that concerning the common factors,R&D service and support level,government governance effectiveness,and affiliated enterprise conditions are the primary influencing factors on R&D environment satisfaction,while the influence of policy support intensity,technology human resource status,and digital economic development level follows in decreasing order.As for the measurement items,regulatory quality,government efficiency,government promotion of ICT technology applications,enterprise digital transformation,R&D personnel full-time equivalents,intellectual property and patent protection,socialization level of technology service institutions,fiscal and tax incentives policies,R&D strategic positioning,and market competition pressure are the main influencing factors attracting foreign manufacturing R&D institutions to establish a presence in inland regions of China.The conclusions drawn in this study are anticipated to offer government agencies valuable management insights and practical guidance.Firstly,there is a compelling need to intensify efforts in enhancing the quality of R&D services and support.This should involve further expanding both the number and scale of market-oriented technology service institutions,alongside continued efforts to bolster intellectual property protection.Simultaneously,effective governance should be reinforced through enhancements in government efficiency and regulatory quality.Additionally,policy formulation and implementation conducive to the establishment and development of R&D institutions should be grounded in scientific rigor.Secondly,there is a call for the continued deepening and refinement of fiscal and tax incentives policies.This should encompass further reductions in various tax burdens related to real estate and equipment usage for R&D institutions,with the ultimate goal of alleviating their financial pressures and thereby stimulating their drive for technological innovation.Lastly,proactive promotion of ICT technology applications in government management and service provision is essential to enhance the quality and efficiency of public service delivery.Concurrently,substantial efforts are required to drive digital transformation within enterprises,facilitating the restructuring of organizational frameworks and business processes.These measures collectively aim to elevate the local level of digital economic development.