基于土地利用偏好与位置重要性的农业土地利用冲突识别与调解

Identification and mediation of agricultural land use conflicts based on land use preference and location importance

农业空间错配等农业土地利用冲突问题不仅影响粮食安全,而且容易引发水土流失、生物多样性下降、土壤污染等生态环境问题。本文引入一个基于土地利用偏好和位置重要性的农业土地利用冲突识别框架,诊断沂源县农业土地利用冲突,在生态系统服务权衡/协同视角下比较分析不同冲突调解策略的效果差异。结果表明:①受自然条件的限制,沂源县农业适宜性整体偏低,近三分之一的地区土壤侵蚀风险较大;②沂源县农业土地利用冲突区面积占比达35.16%,强冲突区面积为128.12 km^(2),主要分布在南鲁山镇中山地区、燕崖镇低山丘陵区;③本文提出的基于土地利用偏好和位置重要性的土地利用冲突识别框架,以及基于生态系统服务权衡/协同的冲突调解策略,为土地利用冲突诊断识别与调解提供了一种新的思路与方法。沂蒙山区应树立“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念,充分挖掘“富锶水源”“牛郎织女”“美丽中国·深呼吸乡镇”等生态、农业、旅游资源优势,统筹土地利用与生态系统服务的关系,因地制宜采取退耕还林、农业结构调整和撂荒地复耕等冲突调解策略,探索土地流转、农业观光、生态农业等发展模式,优化农业生产空间布局,助力乡村振兴。

Agricultural land use conflicts such as agricultural spatial mismatch not only affect food security,but also are prone to ecological and environmental problems such as soil erosion and biodiversity decline.Few studies have specifically examined agricultural land use conflicts.This paper introduced a framework for identifying agricultural land use conflicts based on land use preference and location importance,diagnosed agricultural land use conflicts in Yiyuan county,and compared and analyzed the effects of different conflict mediation strategies from the perspective of ecosystem service trade-offs/synergies.The results are showed as follows:(1)The conflict area of agricultural land use in Yiyuan accounted for 35.16%,and the area of strong conflict area was 128.12 km^(2),accounting for 7.86%of the total area of the county,mainly distributed in the middle mountain area of Nanlushan town and the low hill area of Yanya town;(2)The three conflict mediation strategies of returning farmland to forest,agricultural structure adjustment and abandoned land rehabilitation can mediate land use conflicts and effectively reduce soil erosion,but returning farmland to forest emphasizes ecological protection,and agricultural structure adjustment has obvious advantages in improving economic benefits,while abandoned land rehabilitation focuses on improving agricultural supply.(3)The framework of land use conflict identification based on land use preference and location importance and the conflict mediation strategy based on ecosystem service tradeoff/synergy proposed in this paper provide a new way of thinking and method for land use conflict diagnosis,recognition and mediation.Yimeng mountain area should coordinate the relationship between land use and ecosystem services,formulate appropriate mediation strategies according to local conditions,and realize the coordinated development of sustainable use of land resources and improvement of ecosystem services.