多交通态势下成都市“一市两场”可达性

Accessibility of“One City,Two Airports”in Chengdu under Various Traffic Conditions

为剖析多交通态势下“一市两场”的可达性时空规律,优化航空运能分配。通过百度地图API数据,构建在不同时间特征的交通状态下的成都双流国际机场、天府国际机场的加权平均出行时间模型,分析在驾车和公共交通两种出行模式下的两个机场可达性空间格局。结果表明:天府国际机场的投用使得成都市枢纽机场服务范围空间分布上趋向于“东西均衡”;在驾车出行模式下,两机场1 h覆盖范围在空间上互补;在公共交通出行模式下,两机场2 h覆盖范围在空间上互补。驾车出行模式下的成都市机场可达性均高于公共交通模式出行,驾车出行模式的1 h覆盖范围开始出现重叠,1.5 h可达性辐射范围已经完全覆盖主城区;而公共交通出行从1.5 h覆盖范围开始出现重叠,3 h可达性辐射范围基本覆盖主城区且呈现“西部可达性较好,东部可达性较差”的现象。以成都为中转点,双流机场的中转效率较高,显现出地理位置的优势,且成都市主城区东部边缘部分公共交通可达性极差。天府机场及配套道路基础设施的投入使用极大提高了成都县级区域可达性,其中成都市简阳市居民出行便利度显著提高,金堂县、青白江区周末出行拥堵大幅缓解。

In order to investigate the spatio-temporal patterns of accessibility in the context of multifaceted transportation and optimize the allocation of aviation capacity in the“One City,Two Airports”scenario.Utilizing data from the Baidu Maps API,a weighted average travel time model for Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport and Tianfu International Airport under varying time-dependent traffic conditions was constructed to conduct an analysis of the accessibility spatial patterns of these two airports under two distinct travel modes:driving and public transportation.The results show that the commissioning of Tianfu International Airport has led to a“balanced east-west”spatial distribution of the service areas of Chengdu s hub airports.The 1 h coverage areas of the two airports are spatially complementary in the driving mode,and the 2 h coverage areas of the two airports are spatially complementary in the public transport mode.The accessibility of airports in Chengdu under driving mode is higher than that of public transportation mode,and the 1 h coverage area of driving mode starts to overlap and the 1.5 h accessibility coverage has completely covered the main urban area.While the 1.5 h coverage area of public transportation starts to overlap and the 3 h accessibility coverage basically covers the main urban area and shows the phenomenon of“better accessibility in the west and worse accessibility in the east”.With Chengdu as a transit point,Shuangliu Airport has a more efficient transit,showing the advantages of its location,and the accessibility of public transportation to the eastern edge of the main urban area of Chengdu is extremely poor.The commissioning of the Tianfu Airport and supporting road infrastructure has greatly improved the accessibility of Chengdu county-level region,including a significant increase in travel convenience for residents in Jianyang City of Chengdu,and Jintang County,Qingbaijiang District weekend travel congestion significantly reduced.