庄子“龙蛇”思想管窥

A Glimpse into Zhuangzi’s“Dragon Snake”Thought

“一龙一蛇”是庄子倡导的处世哲学与逍遥路径,它的提出基于风雨如晦的社会现实,也是否定“材与不材之间”后构想的与世推移的理想策略。一方面,它重视“心”的主观能动性,是《庄子》中隐逸的最佳方式“心隐”的直观表现与现实实践;另一方面它又破除了对处“中”的执念,以龙蛇不同形态的随机变化隐喻人一旦达到同乎大道的境界就可以合于自然,以自由的精神支配自我在现实中“缘督以为经”,将先哲普遍探讨的处世技巧转化为庄子独有的游世艺术。基于此,本论文从“龙蛇”观念的提出过程、思想特质、道家意蕴入手,以说明“龙蛇”虽非庄子首创,但经过他的演绎已然确立成为独特的哲学概念并远溉后世。

“One dragon,one snake”is the philosophy of life and the path of escape advocated by Zhuangzi,which is based on the obscure social reality,but also the ideal strategy of negating the“between the material and the imperfect material”.On the one hand,it attaches importance to the subjective initiative of“mind”,which is the intuitive expression and practical practice of“mind hidden”and the best way of secluding in Zhuangzi.On the other hand,it also broke the belief of“middle”,and used the random changes of different forms of dragon and snake as a metaphor that once people reached the realm of the same road,they could fit in with nature,and controlled themselves with a free spirit in reality,and transformed the social skills commonly discussed by the ancients into Zhuangzi’s unique art of traveling the world.Based on this,this paper starts with the process of putting forward the concept of“Dragon snake”,the characteristics of thought and the implication of Taoism,in order to show that“Dragon snake”was not invented by Zhuangzi,but it has been established as a unique philosophical concept and has been widely used in later generations.