“十三五”期间杭州市农村地区环境空气质量变化趋势及臭氧影响研究

Research on the trend of environmental air quality change,ozone impact,and mitigation measures in rural areas of Hangzhou during the 13th Five Year Plan Period

杭州市作为我国东部沿海地区的一个重要城市,近年来其农村地区面临着日益严峻的环境空气质量问题。2016—2020年杭州市农村地区空气质量综合指数呈现总体下降趋势,综合指数从2016年的1.91下降到2020年的1.66,但臭氧O3的浓度总体呈上升趋势,首要污染物O3占比从2016年的6.5%上升到2020年的26.7%。O3是一种高度植物毒性的空气污染物,会影响水稻、小麦和玉米等主要粮食作物的产量。“十三五”期间公顷粮食产量随着首要污染物O3占比的上升总体上呈下降趋势,对比国内外研究结果,O3对粮食产量存在一定影响。

Hangzhou,as an important city in the eastern coastal region of China,has been facing increasingly severe environmental air quality problems in recent years.From 2016 to 2020,the comprehensive air quality index of rural areas in Hangzhou shows an overall downward trend,with the index decreasing from 1.91 in 2016 to 1.66 in 2020.However,the concentration of O3 shows an overall upward trend,with the proportion of the primary pollutant O3 increasing from 6.5%in 2016 to 26.7%in 2020.Ozone is a highly plant toxic air pollutant that can affect the yield of major food crops such as rice,wheat,and corn.During the 13th Five Year Plan period,the grain yield per hectare showed an overall downward trend with the increase in the proportion of the primary pollutant O3.