中国辛辣蔬菜国际竞争力比较分析

Comparative Analysis on International Competitiveness of Spicy Vegetables in China

辛辣蔬菜出口贸易的发展对提升我国蔬菜贸易的国际竞争力具有重要作用。本文在分析辛辣蔬菜出口规模和出口市场结构的基础上,选取2014—2022年的数据,利用国际市场占有率、显示性比较优势指数以及竞争优势指数等竞争力指标,对生姜、辣椒、洋葱、大蒜等4种辛辣蔬菜进行国际竞争力的测算与比较,并运用钻石模型对中国辛辣蔬菜竞争力的影响因素进行分析。研究发现,中国的辛辣蔬菜出口贸易发展整体上呈现良好态势,从国际市场占有率和显示性比较优势指数来看,大蒜、生姜具备卓越的国际竞争力优势,最后提出提升辛辣蔬菜整体竞争力、产品质量与种植技术、加强品牌建设和资金投入、积极发展多元化市场等建议。

The development of spicy vegetable export trade plays an important role in promoting the international competitiveness of China’s vegetable trade.On the basis of analyzing the export scale and export market structure of spicy vegetables,this paper selected data from 2014 to 2022 and utilized international market share,indicative comparative advantage index,and competitive advantage index and other competitiveness indicators to calculate and compare the international competitiveness of 4 spicy vegetables.They were ginger,chili,onion,and garlic.The diamond model was used to analyze the factors affecting the competitiveness of China’s spicy vegetables.Research found that the development of China’s spicy vegetable export trade on the whole was showing a good momentum.Judging from the international market share and displayed comparative advantage index,garlic and ginger had excellent international competitive advantages.Finally,the paper put forward suggestions to enhance the overall competitiveness of spicy vegetables;improve product quality and planting technology;strengthen brand building and capital investment;and actively develop diversified markets,etc.