锰铁氧体纳米材料(MnFe_(2)O_(4)NMs)的制备及其叶面喷施对番茄品质和产量的影响

Preparation of Manganese Ferrite Nanomaterials(MnFe_(2)O_(4)NMs)and Eff ect of Foliar Spraying on Tomato Quality and Yield

纳米材料具有多重潜力和应用前景,因其尺寸小于100 nm而具有特殊性质,近年来在农业应用上具有较大潜能。以小果型番茄自交系6648为试材,在番茄定植30 d后(开花前1周),连续4 d叶片喷施不同浓度(1、10、20、30、40 mg·L^(-1))的锰铁氧体纳米材料(MnFe_(2)O_(4)NMs),并以等量的去离子水为对照,测定对番茄植株生长、果实品质和产量的影响。结果表明:叶面喷施MnFe_(2)O_(4)NMs对提高番茄植株的生长势、诱导生物量的累积有显著影响;同时能提高番茄果实的可溶性糖、番茄红素、VC含量及糖酸比等,进一步提升果实品质;番茄产量也有显著提高。低浓度(1~10 mg·L^(-1))的MnFe_(2)O_(4)NMs可以明显促进番茄植株的生长,高浓度时效果不明显,甚至产生负效应。施用浓度为1 mg·L^(-1)的MnFe_(2)O_(4)NMs,番茄总产量提高12.7%。另外经多项式拟合分析,MnFe_(2)O_(4)NMs的浓度范围在4.01~7.25 mg·L^(-1)时,对提高番茄生长和品质有较好的效果。该研究为纳米材料在番茄上的应用提供了一定的参考依据。

Nanomaterials have multiple potentials and applications,with special properties due to their size of less than 100 nm,and have a greater potential for agricultural applications in recent years.In this study,the effect of 1、10、20、30、40 mg·L^(-1)5 different concentrations of manganese ferrite nanomaterials(MnFe_(2)O_(4)NMs)on the quality and yield of tomato fruits was investigated by foliar spraying using a smallfruited tomato inbred line‘6648’as test material.MnFe_(2)O_(4)NMs were sprayed for four consecutive days 30 days after tomato planting(one week before flowering),and an equal amount of deionized water was sprayed as a control.The results showed that foliar spraying of MnFe_(2)O_(4)NMs had a significant effect on improving the growth potential of tomato plants,and also induced a significant effect on the accumulation of biomass;at the same time,it could increase the content of soluble sugar,lycopene,VC,and the sugaracid ratio content of tomato fruits,which further improved the quality of tomato fruits;and it also had a significant effect on the increase of the yield of tomato fruits.The results of the study also showed that at low concentrations of MnFe_(2)O_(4)NMs(1-10 mg·L^(-1)),the growth of tomato plants was significantly promoted,and the effect was not significant or even negative at higher concentrations.The total tomato yield increased by 12.7%with the application of 1 mg·L^(-1)MnFe_(2)O_(4)NMs.Also analyzed by polynomial fitting,the concentration of MnFe_(2)O_(4)NMs in the range of 4.01-7.25 mg·L^(-1)was found to be more effective in improving the growth and quality of tomato.This study provides some reference for the application of nanomaterials on tomato.