植物精油的生物学功能及其在牛羊生产中的应用

Biological Functions of Plant Essential Oils and Their Application in Cattle and Sheep Production

植物精油作为一种绿色饲料添加剂,具有来源广泛、无残留、安全无毒副作用等优点。植物精油含多种功能活性成分,具有抗菌、抗氧化、抗炎等生物学功能,能增强动物机体的免疫和抗应激能力;还具有调节胃肠道菌群平衡、减少甲烷排放、提高动物生长性能等诸多功能。因此,植物精油作为抗生素替代产品在饲料行业具有广阔的应用前景。本文综述了植物精油的来源及活性成分、提取方法、生物学功能以及近年来植物精油在牛羊生产中的应用,以期为植物精油在反刍动物中的应用提供理论参考。

As a green feed additive,plant essential oil has the advantages of wide source,no residue,safety and non-toxic side effects.Plant essential oil contains a variety of functional active ingredients,with antibacterial,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and other biological functions,which can enhance animals'immune and anti-stress ability.It also has many functions such as regulating the balance of gastrointestinal flora,reducing methane emissions,and improving animal growth performance.Therefore,plant essential oil as an alternative product of antibiotics has broad application prospects in feed industry.In this paper,the source and active ingredients,extraction methods,biological functions of plant essential oils and the application of plant essential oils in cattle and sheep production in recent years were reviewed,in order to provide theoretical reference for the application of plant essential oils in ruminants.