元素掺杂对TiAlN涂层刀具性能影响的研究进展

Research progress in effect of element doping on performance of TiAlN coated cutting tools

随着我国制造业的快速发展与难加工材料的接连涌现,迫切需要切削技术不断更新迭代,而切削刀具的发展成为提升加工效率的关键因素。近年来,涂层技术成为提高刀具切削性能的有效途径,特别是TiAlN涂层凭借良好的耐磨性与稳定性,被广泛应用于切削刀具。然而,传统TiAlN涂层刀具难以承担热力化多重耦合的苛刻工况。如何通过元素掺杂,形成固溶强化与细晶强化,便捷、高效地提升TiAlN涂层刀具的切削性能,成为该领域的研究热点。针对此问题,本文概述了TiAlN涂层的作用机理与制备方法,分析了不同工艺所获涂层的微观形貌与物相结构,阐述了高温工况TiAlN涂层由于氧化与相变导致的使用局限性,着重综述了掺杂Si,C,Cr,B与V元素对TiAlN涂层微观结构、硬度、耐磨性、抗氧化性与刀具使用寿命的影响,最后对TiAlN涂层刀具的未来发展进行了总结。

With the rapid development of China’s manufacturing industry and the emergence of difficult-to-machine materials,there is an urgent need for cutting technology to continuously update and iterate,and the development of cutting tools has become a key factor in improving processing efficiency.In recent years,coating technology has become an effective way to improve the cutting performance of cutting tools.In particular,TiAlN coating has been widely used in cutting tools due to its good wear resistance and stability.However,the traditional TiAlN coated tools have made it difficult to bear the harsh conditions of thermo-mechanically-chemo multiple coupling.How to form solid solution strengthening and fine grain strengthening by element doping,for improving the cutting performance of TiAlN coated tools conveniently and efficiently,has become a research hotspot in this field.Given this problem,the action mechanism and preparation method of TiAlN coating were summarized,the microstructure and phase structure of the coatings obtained by different methods were analyzed,the limitations of TiAlN coating due to oxidation and phase transformation in high temperature were described,and the effects of doping Si,C,Cr,B and V elements on the microstructure,hardness,wear resistance,oxidation resistance and tool life of TiAlN coating were reviewed.Finally,the future development of TiAlN coated tools is summarized.