昭通彝良天麻化学成分及其降糖活性研究

Study on the Chemical Constituents and Hypoglycemic Activity of Gastrodia elata in Yiliang County from Zhaotong

目的:对昭通彝良天麻的化学成分及其降糖活性进行研究。方法:采用正相硅胶、RP-C18及Sephadex LH-20葡聚糖凝胶柱层析等方法对昭通彝良天麻的丙酮提取物进行化学成分分离纯化,并运用现代波谱技术鉴定其结构。采用L6骨骼肌肌管细胞进行化合物降糖活性研究及对α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂的活性测试。结果:从昭通彝良天麻的丙酮提取物中分离纯化得到29个化合物,分别鉴定为:β-谷甾醇(1)、赛比诺啶-A(2)、邻苯二甲酸二戊酯(3)、天麻素(4)、对羟基苯甲醛(5)、4,4′-二羟基二苯基甲烷(6)、对羟基苯甲醇(7)、β-谷甾醇棕榈酸酯(8)、4,4′-二羟基二苄基醚(9)、4-羟苄基甲醚(10)、月桂酸乙酯(11)、三亚油酸甘油酯(12)、ethyl(2E,5S)-5-benzyloxy-2-tetradecenoate(13)、正十六烷(14)、n-tetratriacont-20,23-dienoic acid(15)、L-柠檬酸-1-甲酯(16)、邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯(17)、腺苷(18)、丁香酸(19)、棕榈酸(20)、α-D-呋喃果糖(21)、5-羟甲基糠醛(22)、豆甾醇(23)、n-hexacos-5,8,11-trienoic acid(24)、异芒果苷(25)、胡萝卜苷(26)、β-谷甾醇-3-O-丁基(27)、methyl-11-methyl-10-pentadecenoate(28)、巴利森苷E(29)。结论:其中,化合物3、8、11~13、15、17、21、24、27、28为首次从该植物中分离得到。化合物1、3~8、10~13、17、18、21表现出促进L6肌管细胞降糖活性,化合物11~15、20表现出对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性。

Objective:To study the chemical constituents and hypoglycemic activity of Gastrodia elata in Yiliang county from Zhaotong.Methods:The chemical constituents from the acetone extract of Gastrodia elata in Yiliang county from Zhaotong were isolated and purified by column chromatography with silica gal,Rp-C18 and Sephadex LH-20,the structures were identified by modern spectroscopic techniques.The hypoglycemic activity of the compounds andα-glucosidase inhibitor were studied by using L6 skeletal muscle myotube cells.Results:Twenty-nine compounds were isolated from the acetone extract of Gastrodia elata and identified asβ-sitosterol(1),cymbinodin-A(2),dipentyl phthalate(3),gastrodin(4),p-hydroxybenzaldehyde(5),4,4′-dihydroxydiphenyl methane(6),p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol(7),β-sitosterol palmitate(8),4,4′-dihydroxydibenzyl ether(9),4-methoxymethyl-phenol(10),ethyl laurate(11),trilinolein(12),ethyl(2E,5S)-5-benzyloxy-2-tetradecenoate(13),n-hexacosane(14),n-tetratriacont-20,23-dienoic acid(15),L-1-methyl citrate(16),di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate(17),adenosine(18),syringate(19),palmitic acid(20),α-D-fructofuranose(21),5-hydroxymethylfurfural(22),stigmasterol(23),n-hexacos-5,8,11-trienoic acid(24),isomangiferin(25),daucosterol(26),β-sitosterol-3-O-butyl(27),methyl-11-methyl-10-pentadecenoate(28),1-(4-β-D-glucopyranosyloxybenzyl)citrate(29),respectively.Conclusion:Among them,compound 3,8,11 to 13,15,17,21,24,27,28 are isolated from Gastrodia elata for the first time.Compounds 1,3 to 8,10 to 13,17,18,21 show promotion of hypoglycemic activity in L6 myotubular cells,and compounds 11 to 15,20 show inhibitory activity againstα-glucosidase.