数字的温度:乡村数字治理的共同富裕效应

The Warmth of Digital Technology: The Common Prosperity Effect of Rural Digital Governance

本研究利用中国县域数字乡村指数和中国家庭金融调查数据,探索了乡村数字治理对共同富裕的影响和作用机制。结果表明,乡村数字治理促进了农户家庭共同富裕水平提升,主要通过缓解精英俘获现象、促进家庭创业和缩小数字鸿沟的方式推进乡村共同富裕。其中,乡村数字治理更加有助于缓解位于大起伏山地及以上区县的精英俘获现象、促进低人力资本家庭创业、助力非老年独居家庭跨越数字鸿沟,进而有助于推进乡村共同富裕。异质性分析表明,乡村数字治理更有助于有劳动力回流的家庭和促进财政支持能力相对更强区县的家庭迈向共同富裕。因此,推动农民农村共同富裕,首先应加快推进农村地区数字基建,逐步建立完善的乡村数字治理体系,让农民的生活更加美好、便捷;其次应提升农村居民数字素养,让农村农民在乡村治理数字化转型中实现“软着陆”,有效享受数字政府带来“智慧红利”,确保乡村数字治理更有温度。

Using data from the Index of Digital Rural County in China and the China Household Fi⁃nance Survey,this study explores the impact and mechanism of rural digital governance on common pros⁃perity.The results show that rural digital governance has contributed to an increase in the level of common prosperity among farm households,mainly by alleviating the phenomenon of elite capture,promoting household entrepreneurship and narrowing the digital divide to advance rural common prosperity.Among them,rural digital governance helps to mitigate elite capture in districts located in the undulating moun⁃tainous terrain with large differences in elevation,promotes low human capital household entrepreneurship,and helps non-elderly households living alone to cross the digital divide.Heterogeneity analysis shows that rural digital governance is more conducive to households with labor force returns and to promoting house⁃holds in counties with relatively greater financial support to move towards shared prosperity.Therefore,to promote the common prosperity of farmers in rural areas,first,the government should speed uo the promo⁃tion of digital infrastructure in rural areas and gradually established a comprehensive rural digital govern⁃ance system,to make the lives of farmers better and more convenient.Second,the government should improve the digital literacy of rural residents,so that rural farmers can achieve a“soft landing”in the digit⁃al transformation of rural governance,effectively enjoy the digital dividend brought by digital government,which ensuring warmer rural digital governance.