参苓白术颗粒治疗直肠癌低位前切除综合征的双盲随机对照临床研究

A double-blind randomised controlled clinical trial of Shenling Baizhu Granules in treating low anterior resection syndrome in rectal cancer

目的评价参苓白术颗粒治疗直肠癌低位前切除综合征(LARS)的临床疗效。方法采用随机、双盲、安慰剂平行对照、单中心、有效性检验临床试验设计。2019年12月—2022年6月,北京大学第一医院胃肠外科及中西医结合科收集110例因直肠癌接受低位前切除手术,且术后出现LARS的患者。将符合入组标准的110例患者按照双盲法原则,通过SAS 9.2软件生成随机表,随机分成治疗组(55例)、对照组(55例)。两组患者均于术后第10天开始治疗,治疗组口服参苓白术颗粒,对照组口服安慰剂颗粒,连续治疗30 d。患者服药前、服药第15天及停药后第1天进行中医症状分级、徐忠法评分、LARS评分。结果110例患者中107例纳入全分析集进行疗效分析,其中治疗组55例,脱落1例(违背方案1例);对照组55例,脱落2例(失访1例、违背方案1例)。两组患者的基线资料一致,差异无统计学意义。治疗前,治疗组和对照组的LARS评分分别为33.0(31.0,36.0)和34.0(32.0,37.0),中医症状分级2~3级的患者在治疗组和对照组分别占92.73%和90.57%,两组间差异均无统计学意义。治疗30 d后,治疗组和对照组的LARS评分分别为21.0(19.8,23.0)和26.0(22.0,28.0),中医症状分级2~3级的患者在治疗组占比下降至33.33%,对照组为66.04%,两组间差异有统计学意义。参苓白术颗粒改善直肠癌术后患者大便质地水样或稀溏症状起效最快,治疗30 d后,参苓白术颗粒能够明显改善直肠癌术后患者食欲、大便质地、腹胀腹痛及嗳气症状。治疗前,治疗组和对照组徐忠法评分分别为3.0(2.0,4.3)和4.0(2.0,4.0),两组间差异无统计学意义;治疗30 d后,治疗组和对照组的徐忠法评分分别为7.0(6.0,8.0)和6.0(5.0,7.0),治疗组明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论参苓白术颗粒可以在短期内改善直肠癌低位前切除术后患者的LARS症状。

Objective This study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of Shenling Baizhu Granules in treating low anterior resection syndrome(LARS)in rectal cancer.Methods The study employed a randomized,double-blind,placebo-parallel controlled,single-center,validity-tested clinical trial design.December 2019 to June 2022,the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Peking University First Hospital recruited 110 patients who had undergone low anterior resection(LAR)for rectal cancer and subsequently developed LARS.These patients,meeting the enrollment criteria,were randomly assigned into the treatment group(55)and the control group(55)using the double-blind method principle.The randomization table was generated by SAS 9.2 software employing the double-blind method.The treatment group received oral Shenling Baizhu Granules,while the control group received oral placebo granules.Both groups commenced treatment on the 10th day after-surgery for 30 consecutive days.Patients were evaluated using LARS score,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptom grading,and XU Zhongfa score before treatment,on the 15th day of treatment,and on the 1st day after treatment cessation.Results Out of 110 patients,107 were included in the full analysis set for efficacy analysis:55 patients in the treatment group and 55 patients in the control group.One case in the treatment group was excluded(against protocol),and two cases in the control group were excluded(one lost to follow-up,one against protocol).Baseline data between the two groups were consistent,with no statistically significant difference.Before treatment,LARS scores for the treatment and control groups were 33.0(31.0,36.0)and 34.0(32.0,37.0)respectively.Patients with TCM symptom scores of grades 2 to 3 accounted for 92.73%and 90.57%in the treatment and control groups,respectively,with no statistically significant difference.After 30 days of treatment,LARS scores for the treatment and control groups were 21.0(19.8,23.0)and 26.0(22.0,28.0)respectively.The percentage of patients with TCM symptom scores of grades 2 to 3 decreased to 33.33%in the treatment group and 66.04%in the control group,with a statistically significant difference.Shenling Baizhu Granules showed rapid improvement in watery or loose stools in post-operative rectal cancer patients.After 30 days of treatment,Shenling Baizhu Granules significantly improved appetite,stool consistency,abdominal distension,abdominal pain,and eructation symptoms in postoperative rectal cancer patients.Before treatment,the XU Zhongfa scores for the treatment and control groups were 3.0(2.0,4.3)and 4.0(2.0,4.0)respectively,with no statistically significant difference.After 30 days of treatment,the XU Zhongfa scores for the treatment and control groups were 7.0(6.0,8.0)and 6.0(5.0,7.0)respectively,with the treatment group significantly higher than the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion Shenling Baizhu Granules can effectively improve LARS symptoms in patients following LAR of rectal cancer within a short period of time.