基于《傅青主女科》“以甘为主,四味皆合”探析不孕症的组方思路

Discussion on the prescription thinking of infertility based on "primarily sweet,with all four flavours harmonized" in Fu Qingzhu′s Obstetrics and Gynecology

中药酸、苦、甘、辛、咸五味,两两相合所化功效各异。基于中药性味理论,梳理、探析《傅青主女科》中五味合化之组方思路及用药特色,并将其归纳为“以甘为主,四味皆合”。傅青主治疗不孕时,以甘味药物为主,其余皆与之相合运用,或辛甘化阳,散寒暖胞;或酸甘化阴,填精养宫;或苦甘坚阴,滋肾润胞;或辛咸除痹,软坚利宫。灵活运用中药性味及其合化之理,强化药物配伍关系,深化方剂理论内涵,燮理胞宫阴阳以助其摄精容物。此外,傅青主重视将多组合化蕴于一方,以剂量之参差分明方剂中合化主次关系的同时,借助药物炮制之法以增效引经。探析傅青主运用五味合化理论及其以纯和之品逐层次、多环节收效的组方思路,对优化生殖领域的中医药助孕方案、提高不孕症患者的受孕率有较高的参考价值。

The combination of sourness,bitterness,sweetness,pungency,and saltness results in different effects.Through the analysis of the theory of combining five flavours in Fu Qingzhu′s Obstetrics and Gynecology,this article explores its application in formulation ideas and the characteristics of Chinese medication,summarized as "primarily sweet,with all four flavors harmonized".FU Qingzhu emphasizes the central role of sweet-flavour medicine in facilitating conception,while incorporating the other four flavours in synergy.For instance,sweet and pungent flavours can boost yang energy,eliminating chilliness and warming the uterus;sour and sweet flavours can nourish yin essence and protect the uterus;bitter and sweet flavours can tonify yin,supporting the kidneys and moistening the uterus;and pungent and salty flavours can eliminate stasis,regenerate blood,and enhance uterine functions.By flexibly utilizing the flavours and meridian affinity of traditional Chinese medicine,along with the theory of combining five flavours,it is possible to enhance drug compatibility,deepen the theoretical connotation of Chinese formulas,and regulate the uterus from both yin and yang aspects to facilitate conception.FU Qingzhu′s integration of multiple Chinese formulas into a single formula allows for comprehensive treatment.Clear differentiation of dosages within the formula highlights the primary and secondary relationships of traditional Chinese medicines.Additionally,the utilization of pharmaceutical processing techniques optimizes efficacy and regulates meridians and collaterals.This article explores FU Qingzhu′s application of the "pure and harmonious traditional Chinese medicines" theory.His prescription thinking enables the attainment of multi-level therapeutic effects,which greatly benefits the optimization of traditional Chinese medicine fertility assistance programs and increases pregnancy rates among infertility patients.