湖南方言的“个”及其近类成分

Ge in Hunan Dialect and Its Similar Grammatical Forms

湖南方言的“个”一般可用作个体量词、结构助词和指示代词,和方言内部的通用量词“隻”、结构助词“的”及其他指示代词处于竞争状态。量词“隻”虽然使用广泛,但在非量词功能上不如“个”活跃。定中关系的结构助词“的”正在不断抢占固有结构助词“个”的位置。代词“个”主要用来表示近指,在一些地区正在或已经被另一近指代词“以”替换。

Ge can be used as an individual classifier,a structural particle and a demonstrative pronoun in Hunan dialect.Ge is competing with the general classifier zhi,the attributive marker de and other demonstrative pronouns within Hunan dialect.Although the classifier zhi is widely used,it is not as active as ge in other functions except for the function of classification.The structural particle de is constantly taking the place of the inherent structural particle ge.The pronoun ge is mainly used as a proximal demonstrative pronoun,and in some areas of Hunan province,ge is being or has been replaced by another proximal demonstrative pronoun yi.