“假设-条件”从属连词的出现顺序及其规律试探

The Order and Evolutionary Patterns of“Hypothesis-Condition”Subordinating Conjunctions

形合复句专用标记的出现遵循一定的顺序和规律。本文主要探讨“假设-条件”从属连词在历时发展过程中的五种蕴含关系:1)条件连词⊃假设连词;2)反事实假设连词⊃一般假设连词;3)极低概率假设连词⊃一般假设连词;4)必要条件/排除条件/无条件连词⊃充分条件连词;5)纵予连词⊃假设连词。文章认为上述蕴含关系均反映了同一个演变规律:认知复杂的“假设-条件”标记⊃认知简单的“假设-条件”标记。

The appearance of special markers for complex sentences follows a certain order and law.This paper mainly discusses five implicative relations in the diachronic development of“hypothesis-condition”subordinating conjunctions.They are:1)condition conjuntion&hypothesis conjuntion;2)counterfactual hypothesis conjuntion&general hypothesis conjuntion;3)very-low-probability hypothesis conjuntion&general hypothesis conjuntion;4)necessary/excluded/unconditional condition conjuntion&sufficient condition conjuntion;5)suppositional concession conjuntion&hypothesis conjuntion.This article holds that the above implication relations all reflect the same evolution law:cognitively complex“hypothetical-conditional”markers⊃cognitively simple“hypothetical-conditional”markers.