增权视角下的少数民族村落乡村旅游产业发展

Rural Tourism Industry Development in Ethnic Minority Villages under the Perspective of Power Enhancement

发展乡村旅游产业,能够改善民族传统村落的风貌、提升村民收入水平。以贵州省安顺市A村为例,基于社区增权理论,采用实地调研、文本分析和深入访谈等方式,探索西南欠发达地区民族传统村落旅游开发中村民参与状况和发展困境。结果发现:在政治增权上,整体较为协调,但是村民与开发商、村委等存在一定对抗性,村民参与权不强;在经济增权上,注重利益的合理分配和增加就业岗位,村民与开发商在利益分配问题上无法达成共识,一定程度上打击了村民的主动性和积极性;在社会增权上,A村的传统技艺的保存和传统文化的延续是传统村落的特色,在一定程度上提升了村民的认同感和归属感;在心理增权上,村民的文化自豪感和“主人翁”精神都得到了提升。

The development of the rural tourism industry is helpful to improve traditional ethnic villages’appearance and the enhance villagers’income levels.Taking a village in Anshun City,Guizhou Province,as an example,based on community empowerment theory,field research,text analysis,and in-depth interviews are used to explore the villagers’participation status and development dilemma in the tourism development of ethnic traditional villages in less developed areas in southwest China.It is found that in political empowerment,the whole is more coordinated,but there is a certain antagonism between villagers and developers,village committees,etc.,and the villagers’right to participate is not strong;in economic empowerment,it focuses on the reasonable distribution of benefits and the increase of jobs,and the villagers and the developers are unable to reach a consensus on the distribution of benefits,which to some extent strikes down the villagers’initiative and motivation.In social empowerment,the preservation of the traditional skills in village A and the in terms of social empowerment,the preservation of traditional skills and the continuation of conventional culture in village A are the characteristics of traditional villages,which to a certain extent enhance the villagers’sense of identity and belonging.In terms of psychological empowerment,the villagers’sense of pride in their culture and the spirit of"mastery"have been enhanced.