印度对美国“印太战略”的认知与政策——基于印度新闻界的考察

India’s Cognition and Policy on the U.S.Indo-Pacific Strategy:An Investigation of the Indian Press

近年来,美国着力推进“印太战略”,加强与印度的联系,印美两国在安全、外交和经济等领域实现了更深层次的合作,印度对华、对美政策也逐渐变化。在印美合作过程中,印度政府、新闻界和民众三方逐渐形成共识,这既源于印度国内对印度崛起和对华竞争的共同认知,也与印度国内舆论有关。在印美“印太战略”合作的影响下,印度主流新闻媒体均以借助美国“印太战略”发展自身实力、强化对华竞争和增强国际影响力为叙事导向。印度新闻媒体一方面引导舆论,另一方面也受到民众舆论思潮的影响,并将这种舆论诉求传导至政府层面,进而影响政府的行为决策。在新闻的报道与反馈过程中,印度政府、新闻界和民众形成了三方互动机制。印度新闻界利用民粹主义和政党政治,对印度政府的“印太战略”政策制定构成影响,印度政府也可通过对新闻界施加直接或间接影响以引导舆论风向,进而确保民众对印度参与“印太战略”合作的支持。

As the United States has actively promoted its Indo-Pacific strategy and strengthened ties with India in recent years,the two countries have achieved deeper cooperation in security,diplomacy,economy,and other fields.This has led to gradual changes in India’s policies towards China and the U.S.In the process of India-U.S.cooperation,the Indian government,media,and public have gradually reached a consensus,which stems from a shared understanding of India’s rise and competition with China,as well as the influence of domestic public opinion in India.Under the impact of India-U.S.Indo-Pacific strategic cooperation,mainstream Indian news media have adopted the narratives on leveraging the Indo-Pacific strategy to develop their own strength,intensify competition with China,and enhance international influence.As a vital component of Indian social opinion,the Indian news media have significant influence on both the government and the public.Indian news media,especially English-language media,play a crucial role in shaping public opinion and exerting influence on the government.On the one hand,the media guides public opinion;on the other hand,they are also influenced by public opinion trends,convey these demands to the government,and affect the governmental decision-making behavior.Meanwhile,the Indian government also guides public opinion through domestic news media,and public opinion also influences media reporting through market demand.In the news reporting and feedback process,the Indian government,the media,and the public have formed a tripartite interaction mechanism,combined with populist opinions and party politics,jointly influencing India’s Pacific strategic policies.Through this interactive mechanism,the Indian government can also guide public opinion by influencing directly or indirectly its news industry and ensure public support for Indo-Pacific strategic cooperation.Researching perceptions of the Indo-Pacific strategy in Indian media,especially mainstream English newspapers,helps analyze public opinion trends toward China and the U.S.,clarifies India’s understanding of the U.S.Indo-Pacific strategy,and deepens overall understanding of India’s foreign policy.