数字化转型与企业出口高质量发展——基于出口技术复杂度的视角

Digital Transformation and High-quality Development of Firm Exports:From the Perspective of Export Technological Complexity

推动企业数字化转型是构建新发展格局,实现经济高质量发展的重要动力。本文基于2011-2016年国泰安数据库和中国海关数据库的匹配数据,从数字化投入、数字化关注、数字化成果等维度构建企业数字化转型指标,实证检验了数字化转型对企业出口高质量发展的影响和作用机理。研究发现,数字化转型可以有效促进企业出口高质量发展,且该效应在国有企业、大型企业、劳动密集型行业中更为明显。机制检验表明,数字化转型主要通过激发企业创新行为、促进节能减排、加速人力资本结构升级来推动企业出口高质量发展。进一步研究发现,数字化转型对企业出口高质量发展的促进效果还会受到知识产权保护水平、普惠金融发展程度以及公共基础设施等外部宏观环境因素的影响。此外,数字化转型促进企业出口高质量发展的产品包括旧产品和新推出的产品。本研究丰富和拓展了数字化转型对企业经营绩效的影响研究,为推动贸易高质量发展提供了一条现实路径。

Promoting corporate digital transformation is an important driving force for building a new development pattern and realizing high-quality economic development.Based on the matching data of CSMAR database and China Customs database from 2011 to 2016,this paper constructs the digital transformation index of firms from the dimensions of digital input,digital attention,and digital output,and empirically tests the impact and mechanism of digital transformation on the high-quality development of firm exports.The study finds that digital transformation can effectively promote the high-quality development of firm exports,and this effect is more obvious in state-owned enterprises,large enterprises,and labor-intensive industries.Mechanism testing shows that digital transformation mainly promotes the high-quality development of firm exports by stimulating corporate innovation behavior,promoting energy conservation and emission reduction,and accelerating the upgrading of human capital structure.Further research finds that the promotion effect of digital transformation on the high-quality development of firm exports will also be affected by external macro-environmental factors,such as intellectual property protection,inclusive financial development,and public infrastructure.In addition,the product range that digital transformation promotes the high-quality development of firm exports comes from both existing old products and newly launched products.This paper enriches and expands the research on the impact of digital transformation on corporate performance,and provides a realistic path for promoting high-quality trade development.