兰州地区1089例化妆品皮肤不良反应临床特征分析

Clinical characteristics of 1089 cases with cosmetic dermatoses in Lanzhou area

目的:回顾性分析兰州地区2017-2020年化妆品不良反应病例的疾病特征和致病化妆品的相关信息,为科学有效防治化妆品不良反应提供理论依据及数据支持。方法:以国家化妆品不良反应监测系统中兰州市化妆品不良反应报告为分析对象,整理数据并统计分析。结果:2017-2020年兰州地区化妆品不良反应病例1 089例,报告例数逐年增加,中青年女性为主要患病人群,秋季为该地区化妆品不良反应高发季节。化妆品不良反应全身均可发生,面部(83.1%)最常受累,颊部为面部最常累及区域;瘙痒(70.1%)、红斑(57.3%)为最常见临床表现。化妆品接触性皮炎者占91.4%,但选择进行斑贴试验的患者仅为2.7%。护肤类(676例)为导致不良反应最常见化妆品类型,网购(33.61%)是引起不良反应化妆品的主要来源。结论:2017-2020年兰州地区化妆品不良反应病例逐年增加且具有一定季节性,化妆品接触性皮炎为最常见临床类型,斑贴试验依从性远低于国内其他地区。需进一步普及哨点医院斑贴试验检查、加强化妆品不良反应知识宣教、提高群众安全用妆意识。

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the disease characteristics and related information of the causative cosmetic products of adverse reactions in Lanzhou,China,from 2017 to 2020,to provide a theoretical basis and data support for sci entific and effective prevention and control of cosmetic adverse reactions.Methods:The statistical analysis focused on the cosmetic adverse reaction reports submited to the national cosmetic adverse reaction monitoring system in Lanzhou.Results:A total of 1089 cases of cosmetic adverse reactions were reported in Lanzhou from 2017 to 2020,showing an incidence increasing year by year.Middle-aged and young women were predominantly affected,and most cosmetic adverse reactions occurred in autumn.Cosmetic adverse reactions appeared on all parts of the body surface,mainly on the face(83.1%),particularly cheeks.Pruritus(70.1%)and erythema(57.3%)were identified as common clinical manifestations.Contact dermatitis accounted for 91.4%of cases,yet only 2.7%of patients underwent patch testing.Skin care products(676 cases)caused most of the adverse reactions,and 33.61%of the them were bought from online shops.Conclusion:The incidence of cosmetic adverse reactions increased annually from 2017 to 2020 in Lanzhou,and exhibited seasonal variation.Contact dermatitis was identified as the predominant clinical type,however,compliance with patch testing was notably lower in Lanzhou,compared to other regions in China.More efforts are needed to promote patch tests at sentinel hospitals,spread education on the use of cosmetics,and enhance public awareness regarding safe use.