2022—2023年广西尘肺病患者焦虑、抑郁状况及影响因素分析

Analysis of anxiety and depression and influencing factors of pneumoconiosis patients in Guangxi from 2022 to 2023

目的调查2022—2023年广西尘肺病患者的焦虑、抑郁状况及其影响因素,为尘肺病患者心理健康干预提供科学依据。方法选取在广西壮族自治区工人医院住院的326例尘肺病患者,采用一般资料调查表、汉密尔顿焦虑(HAMA)量表和汉密尔顿抑郁(HAMD)量表,分析尘肺病患者的焦虑、抑郁状况及其影响因素。结果尘肺病患者的焦虑症状检出率为9.5%,抑郁症状检出率为16.3%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,吸烟(OR=6.498)、合并高血压(OR=5.306)、合并肺结核(OR=3.168)增加了尘肺病患者发生焦虑症状的风险,P值均<0.05。文化程度(OR=2.085)、合并慢性阻塞性肺疾病(OR=2.203)增加了尘肺病患者发生抑郁症状的风险,P值均<0.05。结论吸烟、合并高血压、合并肺结核是尘肺病患者发生焦虑的重要影响因素;文化程度、合并慢性阻塞性肺疾病是尘肺病患者发生抑郁的重要影响因素。

Objective To investigate the anxiety and depression status and influencing factors of pneumoconiosis patients in Guangxi from 2022 to 2023,so as to provide scientific basis for psychological health intervention for pneumoconiosis patients.Methods 326 patients with pneumoconiosis admitted to Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Workers'Hospital were collected for this study.And then,general information survey forms,Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),and Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)were used to analyze the anxiety and depression status of pneumoconiosis patients and their influencing factors.Results The detection rate of anxiety symptoms in patients with pneumoconiosis was 9.5%,and the detection rate of depression symptoms was 16.3%.The results of logistic regression analysis showed that smoking(OR=6.498),combined hypertension(OR=5.306),and combined pulmonary tuberculosis(OR=3.168)increased the risk of anxiety symptoms in patients with pneumoconiosis(all P<0.05).Education levels(OR=2.085),and combined chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(OR=2.203)increased the risk of depressive symptoms in pneumoconiosis patients(all P<0.05).Conclusion Smoking,combined hypertension and combined pulmonary tuberculosis are important factors affecting anxiety in pneumoconiosis patients.Education levels and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are important factors affecting depression in pneumoconiosis patients.