不育男性患者精液质量影响因素分析

Analysis of influencing factors of semen quality in male patients with infertile

目的 探讨影响精液质量的因素,为男性不育患者提供科学的健康指导。方法 对2020年11月至2022年8月在空军军医大学第一附属医院就诊的621例男性不育患者进行问卷调查和精液质量分析。采用多元线性回归分析不同人群特征、生活习惯和工作环境对精液质量的影响。结果 多元线性回归分析结果显示,文化程度、精神压力、经常穿紧身裤是精子总数的独立影响因素(P<0.05);文化程度、精神压力、每天饮水量、经常穿紧身裤是精子浓度的独立影响因素(P<0.05);年龄、经常穿紧身裤、经常接触电磁辐射是精子总活动率和精子前向运动率的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。不同BMI、居住地、睡眠质量及是否经常久坐、经常锻炼、经常骑行、经常使用快餐盒和经常接触化学物质、油烟、噪声、振动患者的精子总数、精子浓度、精子总活动率、精子前向运动率和正常形态精子百分率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 年龄、文化程度、精神压力、每天饮水量、经常穿紧身裤和经常接触电磁辐射是引起精子质量参数改变的重要因素,改变生活习惯、改善工作条件可提高精子质量。

Objective To explore the related factors affecting semen quality of male patients with infertility,in order to provide scientific health guidance for male patients with infertility.Methods A questionnaire survey and semen quality analysis were conducted in 621 male patients with infertility,who visited the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from November 2020 to August 2022.Multivariate linear regression were used to analyze the effects of different population characteristics,living habits and working environment on semen quality of male patients with infertility.Results Multivariate linear regression results showed that literacy level,mental stress and often wearing tight pants were independent influencing factors on total sperm count(P<0.05);literacy level,mental stress,daily water intake and often wearing tight pants were independent influencing factors on sperm concentration(P<0.05);age,often wearing tight pants and regular exposure to electromagnetic radiation were independent influencing factors on total sperm motility and forward motility of sperm(P<0.05).Comparison of total sperm count,sperm concentration,total sperm motility rate,forward sperm motility rate and percentage of normal morphology sperm among patients with different body mass index,place of residence,quality of sleep and whether they were sedentary,often exercising,often cycling,often using fast food containers,and regular exposure to chemicals,oil smoke,noise and vibration showed no statistically significant differences(P>0.05).Conclusion Age,literacy level,pressure,daily water intake,often wearing tight pants and electromagnetic radiation are important factors causing changes in sperm quality parameters,and changing living habits and improving working conditions can improve sperm quality.