电线电缆的燃烧性能及其不合格原因分析

电线电缆的性能与质量关系着电气、工程、住宅等领域的用电安全,尤其是敷设在人员密集、消防供配电等重要场所的电线电缆,需具有较好的燃烧性能。然而根据近年来国家监督抽查的结果来看,电线电缆燃烧性能的不合格率居高不下,监管部门、企业、消费者对其燃烧性能知之甚少。电缆的燃烧性能包括单根阻燃性能、成束阻燃性能、低烟性能、无卤性能、耐火性能,本文就电线电缆各个燃烧性能的原理进行详细阐述,通过改变电缆产品材料与结构的方式,利用成束燃烧设备、烟密度测定设备、耐火设备等不断地进行试验验证,根据试验结果全面地分析燃烧性能不合格的原因,并且总结出提升合格率的方法与整改建议。

The performance and quality of wires and cables are related to the safety of electricity in electrical,engineering,residential and other fields.In especial,wires and cables laid in important places such as assembly occupancies and fire power supply and distribution sites,need to have better combustion performance.However,according to the results of state supervision and checks in recent years,the failure rate of wires and cables combustion performance remains high.Regulators,enterprises and consumers know little about its combustion performance.The combustion performance of the cables includes performances of single flame-retardant,bunched flame-retardant,low smoke production,halogen-free and fire resistance.In this paper,the principle of each combustion performance of wires and cables is elaborated.By changing the materials and structures of cable products,the tests and verifications are carried out by using the bunched flame-retardant equipment,smoke density measuring equipment and fire resistant equipment,etc.According to the results,the causes of unqualified combustion performance are analyzed comprehensively,and the methods and suggestions are summarized to improve the qualified rate.