基于室内光热环境的建筑外遮阳构件优化——以海口市某公寓项目为例

Optimization of Building Exterior Shading Components Based on Indoor Light and Heat Environment-An Example of an Apartment Project in Haikou

遮阳是避免太阳直射造成室内过热的重要措施。对应建筑方案中既定的建筑朝向和外立面设计风格,同样的遮阳形式也可能有不同的细节表达与性能表现。针对海口市某公寓项目,从建筑体块、居室朝向、遮阳构件等不同考量因素入手,借助仿真模拟,主要比较不同形式遮阳构件在不同朝向上对居室室内温度或眩光的影响程度,给出设计对于遮阳构件的优化方向。研究结果表明,对于东、西侧居室,水平遮阳控制在1 000 mm内遮阳效力最佳,垂直遮阳出檐深度宜设置在300~ 450 mm;对于西向居室,顺时针旋转竖向遮阳构件可进一步提升遮阳效率,而不旋转对于室内眩光控制更有利,希望为类似项目提供有益参考。

Shading is a crucial measure to prevent indoor overheating caused by direct sunlight.Corresponding to predetermined building orientations and facade design styles in architectural plans,the same shading form may exhibit different detailed expressions and performance.This study focuses on an apartment project in Haikou,considering various factors such as building massing,room orientation,and shading components.Through simulation and analysis,the research primarily compares the impact of different shading components on the indoor temperature or glare in different orientations.It provides design optimization directions for shading components.For east-and west-facing rooms,horizontal shading is most effective when controlled within 1000mm,and the vertical shading overhang depth should be set between 300~450mm.For west-facing rooms,clockwise rotation of vertical shading components can further enhance shading efficiency,while not rotating is more favorable for indoor glare control.