输水渠系着生藻类多目标水力优化调控研究

Multi-objective Hydraulic Optimization and Control of Periphyton in Canal Systems

输水渠系正面临着生藻类肆虐的危害,亟需通过水力调控方法剥离边壁的着生藻类,然而大范围的着生藻类脱落将进一步造成渠道水质破坏。为了探究同时满足除藻和水质管理双重目标的最优水力调控模式,研究基于着生藻类水力调控模型,以南方某灌区四干渠为仿真实例,运用正交试验和极差分析方法设计不同类型的水力调控方案,对比分析水力调控对边壁着生藻类生物量的剥离效果以及对渠道水质的干扰。研究结果表明,在着生藻类爆发后期用高冲刷流量持续冲刷中等时长的调控模式可极大程度地兼顾藻类调控与水质管理两大需求。实际运用中应结合渠道的着生藻类爆发时段以及流量调度能力,在区间内选择适宜的水力调控组合。

The management of canal systems involves new objectives of periphyton removal and water quality preservation.To explore the optimal hydraulic mode that meets both demands,we build a periphyton management model and design a series of flushing plans,which are based on the methodology of orthogonal experiments and extreme variance analysis.By comparing the effects of various flushing plans on algae removal and water quality deterioration,we conclude that increasing the discharge by maximum extent with medium duration in the late stage of an algal bloom can greatly reduce both periphyton biomass and damage to water quality.The application of the optimal hydraulic mode depends on the periphyton bloom time and flow scheduling ability.