监管沙盒模式下的非法吸收公众存款罪之轻罪定位及其治理方略

The Light Crime Positioning of the Offense of Illegally Absorbing Public Deposits under the Regulatory Sandbox Model and Its Governance Strategies

在推进国家治理现代化的战略背景下,司法领域严重暴力犯罪率急速下降,轻微犯罪率急剧上升,导致我国犯罪结构发生重大变化,伴随着《刑法修正案(十二)》的出台生效,轻罪立法活性化已是中国刑法的时代特征。在金融领域,非法吸收公众存款罪是非法集资犯罪刑事规制的核心罪名之一,但暗含着金融领域“口袋罪”的嫌疑。在监管沙盒模式下,金融科技创新项目触及的非法吸收公众存款犯罪实质上为轻罪,应将其纳入轻罪治理体系,提供多方面治理优化建议,积极探索科学治理路径,以满足金融科技创新需求,在动用刑法维护金融市场秩序的同时,防范机械性司法的积弊,高质有效地应对金融犯罪的新型挑战。

Under the background of the strategic advancement of the modernization of national governance,the rate of serious violent crimes in the field of practice has declined rapidly,and the number of minor crimes has risen sharply,which has led to a major transformation of China’s criminal structure.With the introduction of the“Criminal Law Amendment 12”,the legislation of misdemeanors has become active,which is the characteristics of the times of China’s criminal law.In the financial field,the crime of illegally absorbing public deposits is one of the core crimes of criminal regulation of illegal fund-raising crimes,but it is tainted with the suspicion of“pocket crime”in the financial field.Under the regulatory sandbox model,the crime of illegally absorbing public deposits touched by financial technology innovation projects is essentially a misdemeanor.It should be included in the misdemeanor governance system,provide multi-faceted governance optimization suggestions,and actively explore scientific governance paths to meet the needs of financial technology innovation.While using criminal law to maintain the order of the financial market,it should also prevent the long-standing drawbacks of mechanical justice and effectively confront the new challenges of financial crimes with high quality.