面向公差原则的装配体公差优化分配

Optimal Assembly Tolerance Allocation for Tolerance Principle

针对现有装配体公差优化分配中没有考虑公差原则影响的问题,将公差原则引入到装配体公差优化分配模型中,为面向公差原则的装配体公差优化分配提供一种可行的方法。首先,以公差原则修正后的雅可比旋量模型为基础,构建装配体公差优化分配模型的装配功能约束;其次,结合实际机械加工精度范围,构建装配体公差优化分配模型的加工能力约束;然后,根据公差成本函数,构建装配体公差优化分配模型的优化目标;最后,以机床尾座为实例说明了面向公差原则的装配体公差优化分配过程,采用遗传算法求解,对装配体公差优化分配结果进行了分析,验证了该方法的有效性。

In view of the problem that the influence of tolerance principle is not considered in existing optimal assembly tolerance allocation,the tolerance principle is introduced into the model of optimal assembly tolerance allocation,which provides a feasible method for optimal assembly tolerance allocation for tolerance principle.Firstly,based on jocobian-torsor model of modified tolerance principle,the assembly function constraints of optimal assembly tolerance allocation model are constructed.Secondly,according to the actual machining accuracy range,the machining capacity constraints of optimal assembly tolerance allocation model are constructed.Then,according to the tolerance cost function,the optimization objective of optimal assembly tolerance allocation model is constructed.Finally,an example of machine tailstock is given to illustrate the process of optimal assembly tolerance allocation for tolerance principle,genetic algorithm is used to solve the problem,the result of optimal assembly tolerance allocation is analyzed,and the effectiveness of this method is verified.