转录因子在植物内质网胁迫中的作用及分子机制研究进展

Advances in roles and molecular mechanisms of transcription factors in endoplasmic reticulum stress in plants

植物的一生常遭受各种胁迫,导致错误折叠蛋白或未折叠蛋白在细胞内积累,进而引发内质网胁迫。植物主要通过内质网质量监控系统(ER quality control,ERQC)、内质网相关降解(ER-associated degradation,ERAD)、未折叠蛋白反应(unfolded protein response,UPR)以及自噬来抵抗内质网胁迫。其中UPR是一种通过信号转导来增强蛋白质折叠和修复能力以及促进错误折叠蛋白降解的途径,植物UPR中IRE1和bZIP17/28两种途径已被证实。许多转录因子(transcription factors)参与响应内质网胁迫,主要涉及bZIP、NAC、HSF、WRKY和NF-Y核因子等基因家族,是作物抗逆遗传改良的目标基因,因此研究内质网应激调控机制具有重要意义。本文主要简述了内质网应激中ERQC、ERAD、UPR以及自噬反应的一般原理并对参与内质网应激的转录因子的调控机制研究进展进行综述,以期为植物内质网胁迫中转录因子的作用机制解析及作物抗逆遗传改良提供参考。

Plants are often subjected to various stresses throughout their lifespan,which lead to the accu-mulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins in cells,which in turn trigger ER stress.Plants are mainly regu-lated by ER quality control(ERQC),ER-associated degradation(ERAD),unfolded protein response(UPR)and autophagy to resist ER stress.Among them,UPR is a pathway that enhances protein folding and re-pair capacity and promotes the degradation of misfolded proteins through signal transduction.Two path-Ways,IRE1 and bZIP17/28,have been identified in plant UPR.Many transcription factors are involved in the response to ER stress,mainly involving bZIP,NAC,HSF,WRKY and NF-Y gene family,which are the target genes for genetic improvement of crop stress resistance.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the regulatory mechanism of ER stress.In this review,we briefly described the general principles of ERQC,ERAD,UPR and autophagy in ER stress,and reviewed the regulatory mechanisms of transcription factors involved in ER stress,in order to provide reference for the understanding of the mechanism of transcription factors in plant ER stress and the genetic improvement of crop resistance.