抗除草剂基因及其在作物中的应用研究进展

Progress in the study of herbicide-resistant genes and their application in crops

杂草是目前农业生产中的重要生物胁迫之一,它的存在严重影响了作物的生长发育及产质量。除草剂是行之有效的控制杂草危害的方法,但目标作物对除草剂的敏感性以及杂草的耐药性大大限制了除草剂的应用。通过现代生物育种方式,利用抗除草剂基因来提高作物对特异或广谱除草剂的抗性是防除田间杂草最为高效精准的方式。本文就作物对除草剂的抗性机制、抗除草剂基因的来源、抗除草剂基因的研究进展及应用进行了综述,为今后抗除草剂作物的培育提供理论参考。

Weeds are one of the most important biotic stresses in current agricultural production,and their presence severely affects crop growth,development,yield and quality.Herbicides are effective methods to control weed damage,but the sensitivity of target crops to herbicides and the resistance of weeds greatly limit the application of herbicides.Using herbicide-resistant genes to enhance crop resistance to specific or broad-spectrum herbicides through modern biological breeding is the most efficient and precise way to control weeds in the field.In this paper,the resistance mechanism of crops to herbicides,the sources of herbicide-resistant genes,as well as the research progress and application of herbicide-resistant genes are reviewed to provide theoretical references for the future breeding of herbicide-resistant crops.