《申报》所载西方制冷知识的研究

Research on Western Refrigeration Knowledge Related Reports in Shun Pao

中国古代一直都有使用天然冰制冷的记载,随着近代中国对于冷藏食品需求的增长,逐渐形成了制冷制冰业。19世纪末西方制冷知识传入中国,人造冰的出现逐渐取代天然冰的地位,冷冻冷藏等产业逐步发展起来。通过民国时期制冷制冰业最集中的上海和上海近代影响最大的中文报纸《申报》对制冷技术的刊载,着重讨论以制冰为主的西方制冷知识以及制冷技术。整理分析了《申报》刊登的大量制冰相关内容,其中涉及设备广告、制冰业行业发展调查和发展综述等,总结《申报》在制冷知识的传播与普及方面起到的重要作用,以及对我国制冷行业发展所起的推动作用。

In ancient China,there had been records of using natural ice for refrigeration.With the increase of the demand for refrigerated food in modern China,the refrigeration and ice making industry has gradually emerged.It was at the end of the 19th century that refrigeration knowledge was introduced from Western into China,the artificial ice gradually replaced the position of natural ice,and then the freezing and refrigeration industry gradually developed.During the Republic of China,the refrigeration and ice making industry was mainly concentrated in Shanghai.The western refrigeration knowledge,especially technology of ice making was discussed in the paper according the reports in Shun Pao,the most influential Chinese newspaper in Shanghai in modern times.Through organizing and analyzing the ice-making related contents published in Shun Pao,such as advertisement about the equipment of refrigeration,survey about the refrigeration industry and review of the ice making industry,we concluded that Shun Pao had played an important role in the dissemination and popularization of refrigeration knowledge,and had also played indispensable role in promoting the development of China's refrigeration industry.