皖中不同类型再生稻品种产量与温光资源利用特征分析

Analysis of yield and utilization of temperature and light resources of different types of ratoon rice varieties in central Anhui,China

为探究皖中地区不同类型再生稻的生长发育与温光资源利用特征,为再生稻品种选择和周年稻作模式搭配提供参考,本研究以早熟籼型常规稻、早熟籼型杂交稻、中熟籼型杂交稻和籼粳杂交稻4个类型的8个代表品种为供试材料,监测不同类型再生稻的产量和全生育期气象要素情况。结果显示,中熟籼型杂交稻品种作再生稻时产量[(12.47±0.24)t·hm^(-2)]、光能生产效率[(0.40±0.01)g·MJ^(-1)]和有效积温(≥10℃)生产效率[(4.35±0.10)kg·hm^(-2)·℃^(-1)·d^(-1)]最高,可通过较高的日产量和适度较长的生育期促进高产形成。早熟籼型常规稻和早熟籼型杂交稻较中熟籼型杂交稻和籼粳杂交稻的再生季成熟期提前24~47 d,可用于后茬作物的温光资源更充裕。综上,选择中熟籼型杂交稻品种做再生稻时,温光资源利用效率和产量最高;选择早熟籼型常规稻和早熟籼型杂交稻作再生稻时,可搭配的轮作模式最多。

To explore the growth and development characteristics and utilization of temperature and light resources among different types of ratoon rice varieties in central Anhui,China,and provide references for the selection of suitable ratoon rice varieties and annual rice cultivation patterns,8 representative ratoon rice varieties from 4 types(early indica rice,early indica hybrid rice,middle-season indica hybrid rice,indica-japonica hybrid rice)were selected as the test materials.The rice yield and meteorological factors were measured during the whole growth period.The results showed that the middle-season indica hybrid rice had the highest yield[(12.47±0.24)t·hm^(-2)],solar radiation production efficiency[(0.40±0.01)g·MJ^(-1)]and effective accumulated temperature(≥10℃)production efficiency[(4.35±0.10)kg·hm^(-2)·℃^(-1)·d^(-1)].It realized high yield by maitaining the high daily yield and prolonged growth period.Early indica rice and early indica hybrid rice matured 24-47 days earlier than the midle-season indica hybrid rice and indica-japonica hybrid rice,which provided more abundant temperature and light resources for the successive crop planting.In summary,when the middle-season indica hybrid rice was used as ratoon rice,it could improve the utilization efficiency of temperature and light resources and crop yield.However,the rotation patterns could be more abundant when the early indica rice and early indica hybrid rice were used as ratoon rice.