企业如何吸引灵活就业人员?——基于计划行为理论框架的fsQCA分析

How Can Enterprises Attract Flexible Employees? An fsQCA Analysis Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior

灵活就业人员为企业注入新活力,满足企业降本增效的发展需求。基于计划行为理论框架,通过对28名灵活就业人员开展半结构化访谈分析就业选择的影响因素,并采用模糊集定性比较分析法(fsQCA)对332份问卷结果进行组态构建。研究结果表明:灵活就业人员的就业选择受到薪酬福利、工作条件、角色清晰度、社会群体支持、感知有用性与自我效能感的影响,单个前因条件不是产生高就业选择行为的必要条件;实现高就业选择行为的路径可以归纳为三类,即行为态度驱动型、态度—主观规范协同型与自我感知型。

Flexible employees inject new vitality into enterprises and meet the development needs of enterprises to reduce costs and increase efficiency.Based on the framework of the theory of planned behavior,this study analyzed the influencing factors of employment choice through semi-structured interviews with 28 flexible employees,and used fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA) to construct configurations of 332 questionnaire results.It is found that the employment choice of flexible employees is influenced by salary and welfare,working conditions,role clarity,social group support,perceived usefulness and self-efficacy.A single antecedent condition is not a necessary condition for high employment choice behavior.The paths to achieving high employment choice behavior can be summarized into three categories:behavioral attitude type,attitude-subjective norm synergy type and self-perception type.