论人工智能创新应用对人类自由解放的意义

On the Significance of Innovative Application of Artificial Intelligence to Human Freedom and Liberation

人类自由解放是马克思恩格斯根据他们所发现的社会发展规律,描绘展望的人类社会未来发展的理想目标,马克思从替代工人体力劳动的机器和自动机器体系的应用中,看到了人类自由解放的可能性,预设了“人工智能”这类特殊的“自动机器”替代工人“智力”劳动的出现。人工智能是社会科技创新、人类智能发展和智能外化的必然结果,亦是资本追逐剩余价值利用智能化机器系统替代“白领工人”劳动的必然结果。人工智能的创新应用增加了人类的自由时间,为人的全面发展和自由解放创造了条件。然而,人工智能系统成为劳动手段和劳动条件为资本所利用,无偿占有了一些社会成员的劳动所创造的价值,引发了“分配公平”和“劳动正义”等问题,因而也提出了深刻变革资本主义生产关系的新要求。

Human freedom and liberation are the ideal goals of social development depicted by Marx and Engels.Marx saw the possibility of human freedom and liberation through the application of machines and automatic machine systems that replace manual labor of workers,and predicted the emergence of special “automatic machines” such as “artificial intelligence” to replace the “intellectual” labor of workers.Artificial intelligence is an inevitable result of the development and externalization of human intelligence,as well as the pursuit of surplus value by capital and the use of intelligent machine systems to replace the labor of “white-collar workers”.The innovative application of artificial intelligence has reshaped the free time of human beings,but the artificial intelligence system has become a means of labor and working conditions for the use of capital,freely occupying the value created by the labor of some members of society,triggering issues regarding “distribution fairness”,“labor justice” and so on,and also putting out new requirements for changing capitalist production relations.