健康信念模式信息传播联合运动干预在血液透析伴衰弱患者康复中的应用效果评价

Application effect of health education combined with physical exercise intervention on rehabilitation among hemodialysis patients with frailty

目的评价健康信念模式信息传播联合运动干预在血液透析伴衰弱患者康复中的应用效果。方法采用方便抽样法,选取2022年1—12月合肥市第二人民医院收治的100例血液透析伴衰弱患者为研究对象,按照掷硬币法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组应用常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上应用健康信念模式信息传播联合运动干预。对比2组患者干预前后衰弱状况、躯体功能、骨骼肌质量及体质量指数,采用χ2检验和t检验进行统计分析。结果干预3个月后,观察组中文版蒂尔堡衰弱指标量表得分为(4.51±1.15)分,低于对照组的(5.21±1.24)分(P<0.05);观察组简易机体功能评估得分、握力及步速分别为(9.78±0.86)分、(20.22±1.61)kg和(4.81±1.02)s/4 m,均优于对照组的(8.61±1.13)分、(19.23±2.80)kg、(5.55±1.33)s/4 m(P均<0.05);观察组骨骼肌质量指数、上臂肌围、小腿围和体质量指数分别为(8.01±1.22)kg/m^(2)、(25.86±1.77)cm、(33.61±1.61)cm和(23.84±2.17)kg/m^(2)均高于对照组的(7.35±1.13)kg/m^(2)、(25.01±2.00)cm、(32.74±1.83)cm和(22.66±2.66)kg/m^(2)(P均<0.05)。结论健康信念模式信息传播联合运动干预对衰弱血透患者进行体育锻炼等干预,可显著提高衰弱状态,提高患者躯体功能及肌力情况。

Objective To analyze the application effect of Information dissemination combined with physical exercise intervention on rehabilitation among hemodialysis patients with frailty based on Health Belief Model.Methods From January 2022 to December 2022,a total of 100 cases of hemodialysis patients with frailty admitted to The second people's hospital of Hefei were conveniently selected as research objects,and they were divided into control group and observation group according to the Coin flipping toss method,with 50 cases in each group.The control group received routine care,while the observation group received Information dissemination combined physical exercise intervention based on health belief model.Frailty,physical function,skeletal muscle mass,and body mass index of two groups of patients were compared before and after intervention.Statistical analysis was performed byχ~2 tests and t-tests.Results After 3 months of intervention,the score of the Chinese version of Tilburg Weakness Index Scale in the observation group was(4.51±1.15)points,lower than that of the control group(5.21±1.24)points(P<0.05).The scores of simple body function assessment,grip strength,and walking speed in the observation group were(9.78±0.86)points,(20.22±1.61)kg,and(4.81±1.02)s/4 m,respectively,which were higher than those in the control group(8.61±1.13)points,(19.23±2.80)kg,and(5.55±1.33)s/4 m(all P<0.05).The skeletal muscle mass index,upper arm muscle circumference,calf circumference,and BMI of the observation group were(8.01±1.22)kg/m^(2),(25.86±1.77)cm,(33.61±1.61)cm,and(23.84±2.17)kg/m^(2),respectively,higher than those of the control group(7.35±1.13)kg/m^(2),(25.01±2.00)cm,(32.74±1.83)cm,and(22.66±2.66)kg/m^(2)(all P<0.05).Conclusion The health belief model combines Information dissemination with physical exercise intervention to provide physical exercise and other interventions for hemodialysis patients with frailty,physical function and muscle strength of patients were improved.