110例儿童新型冠状病毒感染中医证候特征分析

Analysis of TCM syndrome characteristics of 110 cases of coronavirus infection in children

目的分析新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2,简称“新冠病毒”)感染儿童的中医证候特征,为临床辨证施治提供参考。方法运用描述性研究方法,观察北京中医药大学厦门医院发热门诊、急诊治疗的110例新冠病毒感染患儿的一般信息、中医证候及血常规特征。结果110例新冠病毒感染患儿中男61例,女49例;临床分型中轻型94例,普通型16例;年龄最小17 d,最大13岁9个月,平均(7.30±4.96)岁;轻型与普通型患儿年龄及性别分布比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);轻型与普通型患儿的血常规各项指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);多表现为鼻塞、流涕、咽痛、咳嗽等肺系症状,发热、乏力、肌肉疼痛、头痛等外邪束表症状,恶心、呕吐、腹泻、便秘、腹痛等脾胃症状;舌质以淡红、红居多,舌苔以薄白微腻、白腻、薄黄微腻、黄腻多见;临床证候以湿热蕴肺证多见,寒湿郁肺证及疫毒袭表证次之,较为特殊的是9例热盛动风证,表现为惊厥,占比为8.18%。结论新冠病毒感染患儿临床分型大部分为轻症,临床表现以表证、肺系及脾胃症状为主,惊厥发生率偏高,证候要素责之于疠气、寒、热、湿,辨证分型主要为疫毒袭表证、湿热蕴肺证、寒湿郁肺证、热盛动风证。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndromes in children infected with novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2),so as to provide reference for clinical treatment based on syndrome differentiation.Methods Descriptive study was used to observe the general information,TCM syndrome and blood routine characteristics of 110 children with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Xiamen TCM Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.Results There were 61 males and 49 females in 110 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.There were 94 mild cases and 16 common cases.The youngest was 17 days,the largest patient was 13 years old and 9 months old with an average age of(7.30±4.96)years..There was no significant difference in age and sex distribution between mild and common type children(P>0.05),and there was no significant difference in blood routine test(P>0.05).Most of the symptoms were pulmonary symptoms such as nasal congestion,runny nose,sore throat,cough,fever,fatigue,muscle pain,headache,etc.,nausea,vomiting,diarrhea,constipation,abdominal pain and other spleen and stomach symptoms,convulsion in children accounted for 8.18%.Conclusion Most of the clinical types of children with SARS-CoV-2 infection are mild.The main syndromes are superficial syndrome,lung and spleen-stomach symptoms.The incidence of convulsion is high,the responsibility for the elements of syndrome lies with pathogenic qi,cold,heat and dampness.syndrome type includes:epidemic toxin attacking exterior syndrome,damp-heat accumulation in lung syndrome,cold-dampness stagnation in lung syndrome,heat surging wind syndrome.