统防统治对茶农农药减量的影响研究:基于福建和浙江的实证分析

Study on the Impact of Unified Control on Pesticide Reduction of Tea Farms Based on the Empirical Analysis of Fujian and Zhejiang Provinces.

病虫害统防统治能带动农药大面积减量增效,对推进农业高质量发展具有重要意义。基于福建省与浙江省530户茶叶种植户的微观调查数据,采用内生转换模型实证分析了茶农采纳统防统治对农药使用行为的影响及其作用机制。研究结果表明:(1)茶农统防统治的采纳受到不同因素的影响,茶农年龄越小、身体健康状况越差,越偏好风险和越倾向于采纳统防统治。(2)统防统治的采纳能够显著减少茶农的农药使用量。若已采纳统防统治的茶农不采纳统防统治,每667 m 2的平均农药支出将会增加31.02%;若未采纳统防统治的茶农采纳统防统治,其每667 m 2的平均农药支出将会下降12.32%。(3)统防统治的采纳能够显著增加茶农的收入。若采纳统防统治的茶农不采纳统防统治,其家庭年人均总收入将下降59.23%;若未采纳统防统治的茶农能够采纳统防统治,其家庭年人均总收入将增加32.60%。研究结论对农户采纳统防统治、实现农药减量、推动现代农业绿色高质量发展、实现农户增收具有重要意义。

The control of pests and diseases can drive the large-scale reduction of application and efficiency increase of pesticides,which is of great significance for promoting the high-quality development of agriculture.Based on the micro-survey data of 530 tea growers in Fujian Province and Zhejiang Province,this study empirically analyzed the impact and mechanism of tea farmers′pesticide use behavior by using endogenous transformation model.The results show that:(1)The adoption of tea farmers′unified pest and disease prevention and control is affected by different factors.The younger the tea farmers and the worse the tea farmers′physical health,the more risk they can take and the more they tend to adopt unified prevention and control.(2)The adoption of the unified control rule can significantly reduce the use of pesticides by tea farmers.If the tea farmers who had adopted the unified control rule but withdrew from it afterward,their per unit area pesticide expenditure would have increased by 31.02%.If the tea farmers who did not adopt the unified control rule adopted it afterward,their pesticide expenditure would have decreased by 12.32%.(3)The adoption of the unified control rule can significantly increase the income of tea farmers.For tea farmers who had adopted the unified control rule withdrew from it afterward,their family′s annual per capita total income would have decreased by 59.23%.If the tea farmers who did not adopt the unified control rule adopted it afterward,the total annual per capita income of their families would have increased by 32.60%.The results of this study is of great significance for farmers to adopt unified pest and disease control,so as to achieve pesticide reduction,to promote the green and high-quality development of modern agriculture,and to increase farmers′income.