辱虐管理对逢迎行为的影响研究——基于印象管理动机的视角

Study on Influence of Abusive Supervision on Ingratiation

以往研究较多关注辱虐管理对员工工作情景中人际互动行为的影响,尤其是探究员工与实施辱虐的领导互动行为时,更是把研究重点放在疏离行为等消极追随和趋避行为上,而对指向领导的职场内外应对行为研究相对较少。本文基于印象管理动机视角,整合社会心理学的印象管理理论和印象形成模型,探讨辱虐管理对职场内外逢迎行为激发效果、内部机理和边界条件,对来自282名本土企业一线员工的纵向追踪问卷调研数据进行分析,结果表明:辱虐管理对员工职场内逢迎和职场外逢迎行为均存在正向影响,防御型印象管理动机在这一过程中起中介作用,且防御型印象管理动机的中介作用受领导权力感知调节;具体而言,员工领导权力感知越高,防御型印象管理动机对职场内外逢迎行为的正向影响越强。因此,在管理实践中应加强领导者辱虐行为治理,营造良好职场风气;关注员工心理状态,健全员工反馈机制;强化正式规章制度,防范领导滥权。

Previous studies have focused on the influence of abusive supervision on employees' interpersonal interaction in work situations,especially when exploring the interaction between employees and abusive leaders,the research focused on negative following and avoidant behaviors such as distancing behaviors.However,there are relatively few researches on the coping behaviors of leaders in and out of the workplace.Based on the perspective of impression management motivation,this paper integrates the impression management theory and impression formation model of social psychology to explore the stimulating effect,internal mechanism and boundary conditions of abusive supervision on ingratiation in and outside the workplace.The analysis of longitudinal tracking questionnaire data from 282 front-line employees in local enterprises shows that abusive supervision has a positive effect on employees' ingratiation in and out of the workplace,defensive impression management motivation plays a mediating role in this process,and the mediating role of defensive impression management motivation is modulated by the perception of leadership.Specifically,the higher the employee's perception of leadership power,the stronger the positive impact of defensive impression management motivation on ingratiation in and out of the workplace.Therefore,we should strengthen the management of abusive behavior of leaders in management practice and build a good workplace atmosphere;pay attention to the psychological state of employees and improve the feedback mechanism of employees;strengthen formal rules and regulations to prevent leaders from abusing their power.