我国特殊职业教育“残健融合”育人模式的实践进路——2022年职业教育国家级教学成果奖特殊教育类获奖成果分析

Practical Approach of the Education Modle of "Integration of Disabled and Healthy" in Special Vocational Education in China:Analysis of Achievements of the National Teaching Achievement Award of Vocational Education in 2022 in Special Education

“残健融合”是当前特殊职业教育发展中的新亮点,不仅能助力残障人自身的赋权增能,还能促进残障人就业创业,为社会提供劳动力。2022年特殊教育类的国家级教学成果在一定程度上反映了当前我国特殊职业教育“残健融合”育人模式构建的现状。文章通过分析各代表性成果在课程体系建设、支持服务完善、育人环境构建、生涯发展引导、评价体系设计方面的基本经验,发现目前“残健融合”仍需要进一步深化与完善,需要以功能补偿为基础,构建残健适应性课程体系;提供个性化支持,构建“残健融合”支持服务;优质资源共建共享,融合育人环境;重视生涯转衔发展,促进残健融通创业就业;构建融通育人评价体系,完善残健协同育人机制。

"Integration of disabled and healthy"is a new highlight in the development of special vocational education,which can not only help disabled people to empower themselves,but also promote the employment and entrepreneurship of disabled people to provide labor force for the society.To a certain extent,the national teaching achievements in special education in 2022 reflect the current situation of the construction of the"integration of disabled and healthy"education model of special vocational education in China.By analysing the basic experience of each representative achievement in aspects of the construction of curriculum system,improvement of support services,construction of cultivating environment,guidance of career development and design of evaluation system,the article finds that"integration of disabled and healthy"still needs to be further deepened and improved.It is necessary to construct adaptive curriculum system for disabled and healthy students on the basis of functional compensation;provide personalized support and construct"integration of disabled and healthy"support services;build and share high-quality resources to integrate educational environment;attach importance to the development of career transition and promote the integration of disabled and healthy students in entrepreneurship and employment,construct an evaluation system of integrated education and improve the mechanism of collaborative education for disabled and healthy students.